A comparative study of the mechanical behaviour of thermally oxidised commercially pure titanium and zirconium

Alansari, A.; Sun, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.06.011

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The increase in oxidation temperature accelerates the diffusion rate of Ti from the substrate to the surface. Further, this reacts with the oxygen available in the surroundings to form TiO 2 oxide scales [33]; however, pores and cracks were found in Ti sample after oxidation at 900 • C ( Figure 5), resulting in a decrease of its hardness. On the other hand, the lack of Ti concentration in the substrate results in a decrease in its hardness at all oxidation temperatures.…”

Section: Hardness Measurements Of Ti Samples Before and After Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cyclic Oxidation and Hardness Characteristics of Thermally Exposed Titanium Prepared by Inductive Sintering-Assisted Powder Metallurgy

et al. 2020

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The oxidation and hardness of thermally exposed titanium (Ti) prepared using inductive sintering-assisted powder metallurgy was evaluated through cyclic tests in air at 700-900 • C for 100 h (5 cycles). In general, the oxidation kinetics of the Ti samples followed the parabolic law and their oxidation rates increased with increasing oxidation temperatures. The rutile form of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) was detected by X-ray diffraction in the oxide scales after oxidation at 700 • C and 900 • C. Furthermore, the TiO 2 grain size and thickness were significantly influenced by an increase in the oxidation temperature. Lastly, the formation of rutile as a single-phase on the surface of oxidized Ti enhanced the hardness of the oxide scales, whereas the substrate had lower hardness values than the oxide scales due to diffusion of Ti atoms at the surface to form the TiO 2 oxide scales.

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Section: Hardness Measurements Of Ti Samples Before and After Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cyclic Oxidation and Hardness Characteristics of Thermally Exposed Titanium Prepared by Inductive Sintering-Assisted Powder Metallurgy

et al. 2020

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“…The advancement of hard coatings with high friction and wear resistance find consideration in biomedical, robotic and other high-tech applications. For example, thermally oxidized Zr possesses higher hardness and two times higher scratch resistance when compared to thermally oxidized Ti [13]. In the case of hard chromium (Cr) coatings, trivalent Cr plating is considered a very promising technology to replace hazardous hexavalent Cr due to its high corrosion and wear resistance [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifrictional Effects of Group IVB Elements Deposited as Nanolayers on Anodic Coatings

et al. 2023

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The utilization of anodized aluminum (Al) components would contribute greatly to combat against dry friction if good tribological properties could be attained. Despite its hardness, the wear rate of anodic coatings presents a major problem in many applications, including automotive, aerospace and high-tech industries. Recently, nanolayers of Ti demonstrated high tribological effectiveness and unusually low dry friction on anodic coatings. However, few researchers focus on the tribological characterization of nanolayers of other elements. In this study, nanolayers of Ti, Zr, Hf, Cu, Cr, Nb and Sn were deposited on anodized 1050 and 6082 alloys by magnetron sputtering and Atomic Layer Deposition. Major attention was devoted to surface roughness and hardness measurements, because of their importance for static friction. The results showed that structural, chemical and other intrinsic properties of nanolayers of Group IVB elements in many cases led to significant friction reduction, when compared to those of Cu, Cr and Hf. Nanolayers of 15 nm to 75 nm thicknesses appeared most effective tribologically, while 180 nm or thicker layers progressively lost their ability to sustain low dynamic friction. Deposition of nanoscale structures could provide advantages for the anodized Al industry in protection against incidental friction and wear.

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“…TO has been shown to greatly improve the corrosion resistance of titanium through the expansion of its native oxide film [14,15]. However, when subjected to sliding contact, the adhesion of the expanded titanium dioxide film limits the contact load before failure and thus the effectiveness [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribocorrosion Response of Surface-Modified Ti in a 0.9% NaCl Solution

Bailey

2018

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Titanium use is limited due to its poor tribological properties, and thermal oxidation (TO) and pack carburisation with limited oxygen diffusion (PCOD) are just two of the surface treatments that can be used to enhance the surface properties of Ti. In this study, commercially pure titanium was surface modified using thermal oxidation (TO) and pack carburisation with limited oxygen diffusion (PCOD). Samples were tribological tested in a 0.9% NaCl solution under a contact load of 20 N to investigate the mechanical and electrochemical response of the surface treatments. The tests conducted show that a clear benefit can be obtained in terms of the overall material loss rate using both TO and PCOD. The TO and PCOD treatments generate very different surface structures: TO produces a rutile TiO2 surface film and the PCOD treatment produces a TiC network structure. Both treatments improve the load bearing capacity with the assistance of an oxygen diffusion zone (ODZ). When subjected to sliding contact in a 0.9% NaCl solution, the results show the PCOD-Ti produced the best overall results, with a material loss rate 7.5 times lower than untreated Ti and 2.4 times lower than TO-Ti. The improved wear rate of the PCOD-Ti is attributed to the TiC network structure. The TO-Ti suffers from rapid film failure and high friction. The reduced material loss rate (MLR) of the TO-Ti is attributed to the hard wearing ODZ.

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A comparative study of the mechanical behaviour of thermally oxidised commercially pure titanium and zirconium

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

The Cyclic Oxidation and Hardness Characteristics of Thermally Exposed Titanium Prepared by Inductive Sintering-Assisted Powder Metallurgy

The Cyclic Oxidation and Hardness Characteristics of Thermally Exposed Titanium Prepared by Inductive Sintering-Assisted Powder Metallurgy

Antifrictional Effects of Group IVB Elements Deposited as Nanolayers on Anodic Coatings

Tribocorrosion Response of Surface-Modified Ti in a 0.9% NaCl Solution

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