A Comparative Study of the Oxidative Profile in Graves’ Disease, Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, and Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the oxidative profiles of three thyroid disorders: Graves' disease (GD), Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Malondialdehyde levels (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were examined in the plasma of 52 patients (29 untreated HT, 16 untreated GD, and 7 PTC who underwent surgical therapy). Results were compared with those of 30 healthy controls and among the three groups of patients. The GD, HT, and PTC patients exhibited increased plasma MDA levels and SOD activities compared with the controls (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, and p < 0.001, respectively). CAT activities significantly increased only for the PTC and HT patients (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively), whereas GPx activities significantly decreased only in the GD and PTC (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The comparison among the three groups of patients has shown increased MDA level and SOD activity for the PTC patients as compared to the GD patients (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Compared with HT, PTC patients exhibited significant higher MDA level, SOD, and CAT activities and a significant lower GPx activity (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, p < 0.05, and p < 0.05, respectively). No significant discrepancies were noted between the GD and HT patients. Our results have clearly shown an oxidative profile that is highly disturbed for the PTC patients as compared to those of autoimmune disorders. Future studies are needed to determine whether or not the oxidative stress has a prognostic value in this pathology.

Evaluation of Leukocyte DNA Damage and Antioxidant Defense in Graves’ Disease; Effect of Medical Treatment

“…While there have been some which report decreased activity [29], most studies demonstrate increased levels [26,30,31]. Our results support neither view, as we could not find any significant change in plasma SOD levels in patients compared to controls.…”

Salivary Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in the Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study

“…Evidently, free radicals are involved in the physiological and pathological processes in the thyroid gland (13,14). According to previous studies, thyroid cancer is associated with enhanced oxidative stress (15,16).…”

Serum Total Antioxidant Status, Lipid Profile, Malondialdehyde and Erythrocyte Superoxide Dismutase Levels in Hashimoto Thyroiditis Patients Treated with Levothyroxine

“…5 Lassoued et al found that the plasma MDA level significantly increased in Hashimoto thyroiditis patients. 19 Torun et al found elevated lipid peroxidation in both overt hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism patients. 7 All data on MDA and Hashimato thyroidits reported in the literature cited above were derived from Hashimoto thyroiditis patients who were not on levothyroxine treatment and knowledge on MDA and Hashimoto thyroiditis patients treated with levothyroxine is limited in the literature.…”

“…25 Lassoued et al found that plasma SOD levels significantly increased in Hashimoto thyroiditis patients. 19 All the findings mentioned above were derived from studies carried out in Hashimoto thyroiditis patients who were not on treatment. Only Baskol et al, Gerenova and Gadjeva reported on the differences in SOD levels both before and after levothyroxine treatment.…”