A comparative study of impact dynamics

Gruber, Karl Heinz; Ruder, H.; Denoth, Jachen; Schneider, Klaus

doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00033-5

Cited by 141 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The frequent presence of uncharacteristic oscillations in the internal joint load estimations derived in numerous kinetic analyses conducted using rigid body and inverse dynamic assumptions [16,22] had however questioned the assumption of whole body rigidity, particularly for dynamic impacts. In 1998, Gruber, and colleagues [43] conducted an innovative theoretical study to specifically examine the potential limitations of inverse dynamic analyses and rigid body assumptions on load estimations during a gymnastic-style drop landing. Gruber and colleagues [43] reported that rigid body assumptions yielded completely incorrect predictions of internal joint loads during the impact phase such that hip joint torques may be three to four times too large.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1998, Gruber, and colleagues [43] conducted an innovative theoretical study to specifically examine the potential limitations of inverse dynamic analyses and rigid body assumptions on load estimations during a gymnastic-style drop landing. Gruber and colleagues [43] reported that rigid body assumptions yielded completely incorrect predictions of internal joint loads during the impact phase such that hip joint torques may be three to four times too large. More realistic skeleto-mechanical models of impact landings that incorporate soft tissue properties have subsequently become more evident in the literature over the past decade.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While high-speed filming of impact situations has provided insight into the complex damped manner of soft tissue motion [43], the general lack of soft and rigid mass information from living subjects currently inhibits the widespread use of 'wobbling mass' models [50]. While evidently beneficial, the increase in model complexity associated with wobbling mass compared to rigid body models is further associated with heightened development and processing demands.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomechanical approaches to understanding the potentially injurious demands of gymnastic-style impact landings

Gittoes

Irwin

2012

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Gymnasts are exposed to a high incidence of impact landings due to the execution of repeated dismount performances. Biomechanical research can help inform recent discussions surrounding a proposed rule change in potentially injurious gymnastic dismounting. The review examines existing understanding of the mechanisms influencing the impact loads incurred in gymnastic-style landings achieved using biomechanical approaches. Laboratory-based and theoretical modelling research of inherent and regulatory mechanisms is appraised. The integration of the existing insights into injury prevention interventions studies is further considered in the appraisals. While laboratory-based studies have traditionally been favoured, the difficulty in controlling and isolating mechanisms of interest has partially restricted the understanding gained. An increase in the use of theoretical approaches has been evident over the past two decades, which has successfully enhanced insight into less readily modified mechanisms. For example, the important contribution of mass compositions and 'tuned' mass coupling responses to impact loading has been evidenced. While theoretical studies have advanced knowledge in impact landing mechanics, restrictions in the availability of laboratory-based input data have suppressed the benefits gained. The advantages of integrating laboratory-based and theoretical approaches in furthering scientific understanding of loading mechanisms have been recognised in the literature. Since a multi-mechanism contribution to impact loading has been evident, a deviation away from studies examining isolated mechanisms may be supported for the future. A further scientific understanding of the use of regulatory mechanisms in alleviating a performer's inherent injury predisposition may subsequently be gained and used to inform potential rule changes in gymnastics. While the use of controlled studies for providing scientific evidence for the effectiveness of gymnastics injury counter measures has been advocated over the past decade, a lack of information based on randomised controlled studies or actual evaluation of counter measures in the field setting has been highlighted. The subsequent integration of insight into biomechanical risk factors of landing with clinical practice interventions has been recently advocated.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomechanical approaches to understanding the potentially injurious demands of gymnastic-style impact landings

Gittoes

Irwin

2012

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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“…However, soft-tissue dynamics plays an important role, especially in joint dynamics during impacts by reducing joint loads and passively dissipating energy [14]. For example, a wobbling mass model of landing from a drop better reproduced the vertical ground reaction force than a rigid body model did and had lower joint forces and torques [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of reproducibility of thigh marker ranking during walking and landing tasks

Monnet

Thouze

Pain

et al. 2012

Medical Engineering & Physics

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“…In particular, the starting point is the coarse discretisation of a human into 16 parts by Hanavan [1], which is numerically discretised as a MBS using DySim/Calcman3D as is described in [2]. In order to account for the passive behaviour of the connective tissues attached to the coarse body parts, so-called "wobbling masses" are introduced by [3,4]. Moreover, the part of the coarse Hanavan model that represents the lumbar spine is replaced by five vertebrae L1-L5 as well as four IVD in between, where the latter are spatially resolved using the FE model (FEM) of [5,6] which is based on the Theory of Porous Media (TPM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogenisation method to capture the non‐linear behaviour of intervertebral discs in multi‐body systems

Karajan

Ehlers

Röhrle

et al. 2011

Proc Appl Math and Mech

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The present contribution is motivated by the desire to compute physiological loads on the intervertebral discs (IVD) of a human lumbar spine during activities like standing, bending and falling. Following this, a mechanical multi-body system (MBS) is utilised to capture the overall mechanical behaviour of a human, whereas an inhomogeneous, anisotropic, multiphasic finite-element model (FEM) is applied to resolve the resulting field quantities inside an IVD. In order to couple the FEM of the IVD with the numerically diverse MBS, a homogenisation procedure has to be applied such that field quantities can be converted into discrete quantities. In particular, the MBS captures the mechanical behaviour of an IVD using a bushing element, which provides discrete force-displacement and moment-rotation relations.The goal of this contribution is to present a homogenisation method for the IVD as well as a possibility to include the homogenised results in the MBS without the need for embedded FE computations in the MBS. Instead, certain deformation modes of the IVD are pre-computed and represented using a non-linear constitutive equations. This task becomes even more challenging, as the resulting discrete DOF of a motion segment appear in a coupled fashion due to the structure of the IVD, i. e., a rotation in the sagittal plane triggers a resulting moment and a resulting force.

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A comparative study of impact dynamics

Cited by 141 publications

References 2 publications

Biomechanical approaches to understanding the potentially injurious demands of gymnastic-style impact landings

Biomechanical approaches to understanding the potentially injurious demands of gymnastic-style impact landings

Assessment of reproducibility of thigh marker ranking during walking and landing tasks

Homogenisation method to capture the non‐linear behaviour of intervertebral discs in multi‐body systems

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