“…The precision and complexity of ECMs are significant for SOC and SOH prediction in BMS . The most commonly used battery modeling techniques can be grouped into two main categories: physical‐based electrochemical models and semi‐empirical equivalent circuit models (ECMs) .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2,3 The precision and complexity of ECMs are significant for SOC and SOH prediction in BMS. 4 The most commonly used battery modeling techniques can be grouped into two main categories 5 : physical-based electrochemical models 6,7 and semi-empirical equivalent circuit models (ECMs). [8][9][10] For physical-based Li-ion battery models, poor knowledge about the parameters of internal battery chemistry and high computational load often make it unpractical for engineering applications.…”
Summary
Battery modeling plays an important role in remaining range prediction and battery management system development. An accurate and realistic battery model is essential to design an efficient electric storage system. The goal of this paper is to investigate the performance of different circuit topologies for diffusion process in the equivalent circuit models (ECMs). The theory of diffusion process approximation by using resistive‐capacitor (RC) networks is explained in frequency domain. The terminal voltage predictive capabilities of the ECMs are compared and validated with test data. The numerical simulation results show that model prediction accuracy and computation burdens increase along with the number of RC pairs. The ECM with three RC networks is the best choice in terms of the balance between accuracy and complexity for ternary lithium batteries. In addition, a novel method of combining unscented Kalman filter (UKF) algorithm with initial state of charge (SOC) acceleration convergence for SOC estimation is proposed. The results of urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) show that ECM with three RC networks has the best comprehensive performance on calculation cost and SOC estimation accuracy.
“…The precision and complexity of ECMs are significant for SOC and SOH prediction in BMS . The most commonly used battery modeling techniques can be grouped into two main categories: physical‐based electrochemical models and semi‐empirical equivalent circuit models (ECMs) .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2,3 The precision and complexity of ECMs are significant for SOC and SOH prediction in BMS. 4 The most commonly used battery modeling techniques can be grouped into two main categories 5 : physical-based electrochemical models 6,7 and semi-empirical equivalent circuit models (ECMs). [8][9][10] For physical-based Li-ion battery models, poor knowledge about the parameters of internal battery chemistry and high computational load often make it unpractical for engineering applications.…”
Summary
Battery modeling plays an important role in remaining range prediction and battery management system development. An accurate and realistic battery model is essential to design an efficient electric storage system. The goal of this paper is to investigate the performance of different circuit topologies for diffusion process in the equivalent circuit models (ECMs). The theory of diffusion process approximation by using resistive‐capacitor (RC) networks is explained in frequency domain. The terminal voltage predictive capabilities of the ECMs are compared and validated with test data. The numerical simulation results show that model prediction accuracy and computation burdens increase along with the number of RC pairs. The ECM with three RC networks is the best choice in terms of the balance between accuracy and complexity for ternary lithium batteries. In addition, a novel method of combining unscented Kalman filter (UKF) algorithm with initial state of charge (SOC) acceleration convergence for SOC estimation is proposed. The results of urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) show that ECM with three RC networks has the best comprehensive performance on calculation cost and SOC estimation accuracy.
“…22 The improved SOC estimation method was conducted by considering the current dependence on the internal resistance. 27 The related research work was concentrated on the energy transferring consumption policies 28 and the SOC determination methods were analyzed. However, there are still some parameters that cannot be considered fully because of the real-time imprecise complex requirement as well as the dynamic adaptability defects, which are mainly due to its indirect measurement characteristics.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The comparative optimization methods were analyzed for the parameter identification using different Equivalent Circuit Models (ECMs) for lithium-ion batteries. 27 The related research work was concentrated on the energy transferring consumption policies 28 and the SOC determination methods were analyzed. 29 A data-driven bias-correctionbased lithium-ion battery modeling was conducted 30 and the estimation process was also investigated by using the nonlinear fractional model.…”
The existing equivalent modeling methods reported in literature focuses mainly on the battery cells and do not take the packing consistency state into consideration, which exists on the internal connected cells of the lithium‐ion battery pack. An improved equivalent circuit model is constructed and reported in this manuscript for the first time, which can be used to characterize the working characteristics of the packing lithium‐ion batteries. A new equilibrium concept named as state of balance is proposed as well as the calculation process, which is realized by considering the real‐time detected internal battery cell voltages. In addition, this new equilibrium concept aims to obtain more information on the real‐time consistency characterization of the battery pack. The improved adaptive equivalent circuit model is investigated by using the improved splice modeling method, in which the statistical noise properties are corrected and the additional parallel resistance‐capacitance circuit is introduced. The parameter correction treatment is carried out by comparing the estimated and experimental detected closed circuit voltages. Furthermore, the tracking error is found to be 0.005 V and accounts for 0.119% of the nominal battery voltage. By taking the packing consistency state and temperature correction into consideration, the accurate working characteristic expression is realized in the improved equivalent circuit modeling process. Finally, the model proposed in this manuscript presents a great number of advantages compared to other methods reported so far, like has the high accuracy, and the ability to protect the security of the lithium‐ion battery pack in the power supply application.
“…As energy storage and supply components, batteries directly determine the safety and mileage of electric vehicles (EVs). Therefore, battery and its management system are one of the core technologies of EVs [6][7][8]. Various power batteries, such as lead acid, nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been used in EVs.…”
Cell inconsistency can lead to poor performance and safety hazards. Therefore, cell equalizer is essentially required to prevent the series-connected cells from overcharging, undercharging, and overdischarging. Among current equalization schemes, passive equalizer has a continuously wasting energy with low equalization efficiency, and active equalizer has high cost with complex circuit structure. In this study, a novel composite equalizer based on an additional cell with low complexity is presented. This method combines a passive equalizer and an active equalizer. Firstly, the configuration and circuit of our proposed composite equalizer are introduced, and the equalization principle is analyzed. On this basis, the control strategy and algorithm of the composite equalizer are further proposed. Finally, the composite equalizer is verified through simulation and experiment in various cases. The study results show that this method improves both the consistency level and the available capacity of the battery pack. Moreover, our proposed equalizer can overcome the shortcomings of commonly used equalizer and combining the advantages of different equalizer to maximize the equalization efficiency with a simpler equalizer structure.
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