A Comparative Study of FNAC and Histopathology of Thyroid Swellings

Rout, Khageswar; Ray, Chinmay Sunder; Behera, Satyaranjan; Biswal, R.

doi:10.1007/s12070-011-0280-0

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…13,14 FNAC is a simple, safe, outpatient based and cost-effective modality of investigating thyroid disease with high sensitivity and specificity. 15 FNAC in the present study was found to have 80% sensitivity, 98.2% specificity and high diagnostic accuracy of 95.5% which is comparable with other studies. [16][17][18] The main indication for surgery in our series was the swelling itself either due to cosmetic reasons or fear of complications.…”

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confidence: 90%

Nontoxic goiter: causes, clinical evaluation and management

2018

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INTRODUCTIONThyroid diseases are the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide and India is no exception. It has been estimated that about 42 million people in India suffer from thyroid diseases.1 Recent population studies have shown that about 12% of adults in India have a palpable goiter and Indian government has earmarked the goiter endemic regions in the country. 2 The nontoxic goiter is divided on the etiological basis as endemic goiter and sporadic goiter. The endemic goiter is defined as one where more than 5% of the population shows thyroid enlargement. 3 The most common cause of goiter in goiter endemic areas is thought to be iodine deficiency but it is very difficult to establish the cause effect relationship in a hospital setting. The present study was carried out in a government notified endemic region to evaluate the nontoxic goiter patients for pattern of presentation, histopathological causes, with its surgical management and post-operative complications. ABSTRACTBackground: Thyroid diseases are the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide and India is no exception. Goiter may be generalized or localized, toxic or nontoxic. The present study is being carried out in a government notified endemic area to study the etiology and surgical management with postoperative complications in patients with nontoxic goiter. Methods: A observational study was carried out at a tertiary care academic hospital. Patients with a clinically diagnosed nontoxic goiter with normal T3, T4 and TSH values were included in the study. The study subjects underwent relevant investigations and surgical intervention. The outcome factors were histopathology of the surgically removed gland and postoperative complications. Results: A total of 67 patients of nontoxic goiter were enrolled. The mean age of the patients was 33.3±11.1 years with female preponderance. The mean duration of the thyroid swelling was 2+/-2 years. Hemithyroidectomy was most common surgery (68.7%) carried out. A majority (88%) of resected thyroid specimens were benign histopathologically as colloid goiter. An intergroup analysis was carried out between metabolic, autoimmune and neoplastic etiologies. Neoplastic etiology was significantly associated with smooth surface and hard consistency of the gland. Autoimmune goiter had significantly less than 12 months duration and painful. The postoperative complications observed were hypothyroidism (22.4%), hypoparathyroidism (10.5%), RLN palsy (6%) and SSI (3%). Conclusions: Benign pathology was commonly seen with nontoxic goiter. Hypothyroidism and Hypoparathyroidism were the most frequent postoperative complications.

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confidence: 90%

Nontoxic goiter: causes, clinical evaluation and management

2018

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“…In a study, colloid goiter was the most common pathology observed (42.2%), and out of malignant cases, papillary carcinoma represented 71.4%, whereas follicular carcinoma represented 28.6%. 24 In our study, colloid goiter represented 64.5% of total lesions, whereas among malignant cases, follicular carcinoma was most common (52.6%), followed by papillary carcinoma (21.1%), Hurthle cell neoplasm (15.8%), and medullary carcinoma (10.5%). Cystic thyroid masses often set diagnostic pitfalls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Distributive Analysis of Head and Neck Swellings with Their Cytopathological Correlation

Singh¹,

Bhardwaj²,

Pandey³

2016

An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics

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Aim: Palpable masses in the head and neck region can arise from various structures, such as lymph node, thyroid gland, major and minor salivary glands, soft tissues, blood vessels, and neural structures. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple, quick, inexpensive first-line method to evaluate such swellings and thus confirm the diagnosis. This study correlates aspiration cytology as an indispensable tool in diagnosing various head and neck swellings and their prevalence with respect to age, sex, site of origin, and nature of those masses. Materials and methods:This study was done from January 2007 to December 2013 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department of Pathology. All the patients presenting with various head and neck swellings underwent FNAC, and the results were correlated with anatomical sites and frequency of occurrence and categorized into various clinicopathological groups.Results: This study included 1,272 cases who were evaluated by FNAC for head and neck swellings. In this study, 32 patients presented with frank abscesses, 36 cases with submandibular region swellings, seven cases with submental swellings, 70 cases with various swellings in the neck and postauricular area, 47 cases with various facial and scalp swellings, two cases from oral cavity, 74 cases with parotid masses, 680 cases with lymphadenopathy, and 324 cases with thyroid lesions. Conclusion:Fine needle aspiration cytology is a useful, reliable, cost-effective, and valuable diagnostic tool for the initial evaluation and diagnostic categorization of all superficial and deep-seated lesions in the head and neck region as it is a fairly sensitive and specific procedure in addition to being simple, rapid, accurate, and without any significant complications and above all without affecting the underlying tissue morphology altogether.

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“…Rout et al (2011) [7] 96.05% Sinha and Ezzat (2012) [14] 93.6% Parikh et al (2012) [15] 90.24% Manshetty et al (2014) [8] 97.56% Present study 91.75%…”

Section: Causes Of Thyroids Swellingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…of patients (70%) were seen in age group of 21-40 years which Section: Pathology was comparable with the results of mangshetty et al (2014) in age group of 21-40 (57.27%). [8] In the study of Rout et al (2011), [7] however noted, 30%patients were in age group of 21-30 years. Author and year of study Accuracy(% age)…”

Section: To Evaluate the Comparison Of Conventional Smearmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Comprasion of Conventional Cytology with Liquid Based Cytology of Thyroid FNAC – A Study of 100 Cases

Kaur¹,

Poonam²,

Singh³

et al. 2018

AIMDR

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Background: Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) cytology of the thyroid has been increasingly utilized for the investigation of thyroid lesions. FNA of the thyroid gland is considered to be most cost effective and accurate primary diagnostic procedure for thyroid nodules. In the recent years many approaches has been devised to improve the quality of thyroid FNA cytology because the conventional smear (CS) is subject to error in sample collection and slide preparation. The liquid based cytology (LBC) originally developed for the application of gynaecologic cervical smears, has progressively gained for application of both non gynaecologic and fine needle aspiration cytological material. According to the Wilcoxon signed ranked test for thyroid lesions LBC was not useful in goitre and infectious lesions. It gave better results in anaplastic and medullary carcinoma. So conventional smear is more sensitive, specific and accurate than LBC. Methods: in this prospective study, we had 100 cases of thyroid. In each case, two passes were performed. The first pass was for CS and the second pass yielded material for LBC. Both CS and LBC smears were compared for cellularity, background blood and necrotic cell debris, cell architecture, informative background, presence of a monolayer of cells and nuclear and cytoplasmic details and test on an for statistical analysis. Results: Diagnostic accuracy was better in CS compared with LBC smears as CS was most sensitive (93.18%) and accurate (91.75%) method for analysis of thyroid while LBC method is sensitive (89.04%) and accuracy (86.59%).Conclusion: Conventional smear is more sensitive, specific and accurate than LBC because LBC introduce more cytological artifacts to thyroid aspirates.

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A Comparative Study of FNAC and Histopathology of Thyroid Swellings

Cited by 35 publications

References 5 publications

Nontoxic goiter: causes, clinical evaluation and management

Nontoxic goiter: causes, clinical evaluation and management

Distributive Analysis of Head and Neck Swellings with Their Cytopathological Correlation

A Study of Comprasion of Conventional Cytology with Liquid Based Cytology of Thyroid FNAC – A Study of 100 Cases

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