A Comparative Study of Bacterial and Parasitic Intestinal Infections in India

Uppal, Beena; Perween, Naz; Aggarwal, Praveen; Kumar, Shyam Kishor

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2015/11965.5619

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In Nepal, Brazil, and Mali, the rate of EAEC among diarrhea cases ranged from 4.5 to 39% [16,53]. Studies from various parts of India reported variable prevalence (7.0% to 16.0%) of EAEC [54]. Kahali et al (2004), in their hospital-based surveillance analysis from Kolkata, reported 6.6% EAEC prevalence and a prevalence of 5.12% in children <5 years of age [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative analysis of virulence determinants, phylogroups, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of typical versus atypical Enteroaggregative E. coli in India

et al. 2020

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Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an evolving enteric pathogen that causes acute and chronic diarrhea in developed and industrialized nations in children. EAEC epidemiology and the importance of atypical EAEC (aEAEC) isolation in childhood diarrhea are not well documented in the Indian setting. A comparative analysis was undertaken to evaluate virulence, phylogeny, and antibiotic sensitivity among typical tEAEC versus aEAEC. A total of 171 EAEC isolates were extracted from a broad surveillance sample of diarrheal (N = 1210) and healthy children (N = 550) across North India. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the aggR gene (master regulator gene) was conducted to differentiate tEAEC and aEAEC. For 21 virulence genes, we used multiplex PCR to classify possible virulence factors among these strains. Phylogenetic classes were identified by a multiplex PCR for chuA, yjaA, and a cryptic DNA fragment, TspE4C2. Antibiotic susceptibility was conducted by the disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. EAEC was associated with moderate to severe diarrhea in children. The prevalence of EAEC infection (11.4%) was higher than any other DEC group (p = 0.002). tEAEC occurrence in the diarrheal group was higher than in the control group (p = 0.0001). tEAEC strain harbored more virulence genes than aEAEC. astA, aap, and aggR genes were most frequently found in the EAEC from the diarrheal population. Within tEAEC, this gene combination was present in more than 50% of strains. Also, 75.8% of EAEC strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Phylogroup D (43.9%) and B1 (39.4%) were most prevalent in the diarrheal and control group, respectively. Genetic analysis revealed EAEC variability; the comparison of tEAEC and aEAEC allowed us to better understand the EAEC virulence repertoire. Further microbiological and epidemiological research is required to examine the pathogenicity of not only typical but also atypical EAEC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative analysis of virulence determinants, phylogroups, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of typical versus atypical Enteroaggregative E. coli in India

et al. 2020

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“…Prevalence is comparable to prepandemic studies (►Table 2). 3,[10][11][12] In our study, other coccidian parasites like Cystoisospora and Cyclospora species were not seen. Increased prevalence of Cryptosporidium species as compared with other coccidian parasites has been reported in other studies as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Spectrum and Trends of Intestinal Parasitic Infections at a Tertiary Care Hospital during Pandemic Times: A Laboratory-Based Retrospective Study

Meena

Meena²,

Kumar

et al. 2023

J Lab Physicians

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Background Intestinal parasitic infections continue to loom in developing countries with low sanitation and socioeconomic conditions. Pandemic times are especially important to study the prevalence of these pathogens since the focus of all healthcare services was coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and time-trend of intestinal parasitic infections in the capital region of India during the pandemic times. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a retrospective review based on data from the past 2 years in the post-COVID-19 pandemic was used. Descriptive and time-trend analyses were applied to the data. Time series analysis was analyzed using the best fit autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to look for seasonality in trends and forecasting. Results A total of 7267 patients' stool samples over a 2-year pandemic period were included in the study. Intestinal parasites were detected in 11.18% (813/7276) patients. Giardia lamblia (2.28%) and Blastocystis hominis (3.78%) were the predominant ones. Time-trend analysis from 2020 to 2021 using ARIMA model predicted an increasing trend with waning of pandemic. The most prevalent infection was found in the monsoon and autumn months. Conclusion Rates of infection with Giardia lamblia and Blastocystis hominis have increased in comparison to other protozoan infections like Entamoeba histolytica when compared with prepandemic hospital-based studies. With fading of the pandemic, further increasing trends are predicted.

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“…Bacterial causes of gastroenteritis mainly include Salmonella spp., Shigella spp, Diarrheagenic E. coli, V.cholera and Campylobacter spp. ( 3 ). Salmonella and Shigella are of particular concern and they are Gram-negative rods which commonly inhabit intestinal tracts of humans and many animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella and Shigella in stool among patients presenting with diarrhea in a tertiary care centre in south India

Sachu

2023

IJM

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Background and Objectives: Bacterial causes of gastroenteritis include Salmonella, Shigella spp, diarrheagenic Esche- richia coli, Vibrio cholera and Campylobacter spp. Although infections caused by NTS (Non Typhoidal Salmonella) and Shigella are usually self-limiting, antibiotic treatment is prefered in severely ill or immunocompromised individuals. The main objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella among the stool samples received in Believers Church Medical College hospital and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. Materials and Methods: A total of 805 stool samples collected from cases of diarrhea from January 2018 to December 2021 were processed in the laboratory. Standard bacteriological methods were used to isolate, identify, and determine the antimi- crobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella and Shigella isolates using the disc diffusion method and interpreted according to CLSI. Results: A total of 100 (12.4%) samples yielded bacterial pathogens. Salmonella was isolated from 97 (12%) samples and Shigella from 3 (0.4%) samples. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was the predominant serotype, accounting for 53 (54.6%) isolates. Conclusion: This study showed Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as the predominant isolate causing diarrheal illness. The emergence of multidrug resistant phenotypes warrants the continuous monitoring of susceptibility trend of NTS in India.

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A Comparative Study of Bacterial and Parasitic Intestinal Infections in India

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Comparative analysis of virulence determinants, phylogroups, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of typical versus atypical Enteroaggregative E. coli in India

Comparative analysis of virulence determinants, phylogroups, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of typical versus atypical Enteroaggregative E. coli in India

Spectrum and Trends of Intestinal Parasitic Infections at a Tertiary Care Hospital during Pandemic Times: A Laboratory-Based Retrospective Study

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella and Shigella in stool among patients presenting with diarrhea in a tertiary care centre in south India

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