A Comparative Light and Electron Microscopic Study of Primary Irritant Contact Dermatitis and Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Medenica, Maria; Rostenberg, Adolph

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12260992

Cited by 79 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Because the increase was due to a single group of polymorphonu clear cells (basophil granulocytes), however, rebound phenomenon cannot reasonably be the sole explanation. Basophil granulocytes have previously been noted in contact al lergic reactions of the skin even though no cytostatic drug has been used [5,8,18]. Our study on animals given cyclophosphamide confirms the presence of large numbers of these cells, which seem to be essential for the development of a contact allergic reac tion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Cellular Infiltrate in Experimental Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Skoog¹,

Groth²

1979

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The influence of cyclophosphamide on contact allergy was studied by a method based on the count of cells infiltrating epicutaneous test sites in sensitized guinea pigs. Cyclophosphamide was injected 72 h before sensitization with dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). On testing 2 weeks later, marked mononuclear cell infiltration and dramatic increase in the count of basophil polymorphonuclear cells in the upper corium were found, compared to the control group. Cell infiltration in tests performed 1 and 3 weeks after sensitization differed from the reaction after 2 weeks. When cyclophosphamide was given 72 h before testing done 2 weeks after sensitization, both mononuclear and polymorphonuclear counts were found to be greatly reduced. This in vivo method of assessing the degree and composition of cellular infiltration in a contact allergic reaction after different periods of time throws new light on the influence of drugs on a cell-mediated immune response and also the variation in response with time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Cellular Infiltrate in Experimental Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Skoog¹,

Groth²

1979

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…The sequential arrival of lymphocytes and basophils is consistent with the hypothesis that interaction of sensitized lymphocytes with antigen at a local test site is responsible for the attraction of basophils. This mechanism was proposed in animal studies of CBH reactions which could be passively transferred with lymph node cells and which were inhibited by antilymphocyte serum (3,5,8). In guinea pigs, however, the skin reactions of CBH evolved too rapidly to ascertain that lymphocytes invariably preceded basophils at the local test site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such reactions have been designated cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity or CBH 1 to distinguish them from true delayed hypersensitivity (DH) in which basophils are infrequent or altogether absent. In many instances, both forms of reactivity may be elicited to the same antigen, depending on the mode of immunization, and CBH is favored when sensitization to protein antigens (2-4), contact allergens (4,5), a virus (6), or allografts (7) is accomplished without the use of complete Freund's adiuvant. While CBH reactions to protein antigens are often transient and of the Jones-Mote type (3), in other instances, as with contact allergy and viral immunity, the characteristic basophil response persists for weeks or months (4,6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Basophilic Leukocytes in Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Dvorak

Mihm

1972

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

183

103

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A variety of cell-mediated hypersensitivity reactions in experimental animals include a prominent infiltrate of basophilic leukocytes. This form of reactivity has been designated cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity and is favored when sensitization to several types of antigen is accomplished without the use of complete Freund's adjuvant. A similar type of hypersensitivity response was sought in man using morphologic techniques which permit identification of basophilic leukocytes. Eight individuals with allergic contact dermatitis to a variety of allergens were studied and six of these developed typical contact reactions with erythema, edema, and epidermal vesicles. The microscopic findings in 3-day biopsies from these individuals differed significantly from classic descriptions of tuberculin hypersensitivity and showed, in addition to mononuclear cells and the characteristic epidermal changes, a substantial infiltrate of basophilic leukocytes and evidence of altered vascular permeability with vascular compaction, dermal edema, and fibrin deposition. Serial biopsies from one individual permitted analysis of the microscopic pathology as it unfolded at successive intervals after patch test. The initial lesion consisted of perivascular accumulations of lymphocytes; this was followed by an influx of basophils and, subsequently, of eosinophils. These findings associate contact allergy in man with the parallel reactions of cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity in animals and provide further evidence for the heterogeneity of the cellular immune response. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that interaction between sensitized lymphocytes and antigen, at a local test site, is responsible for the attraction of basophils. They also directly implicate the clotting system in delayed-type reactions and suggest the possibility of a synergistic relationship between cellular immunity and reactions mediated by basophil-bound, homocytotrophic antibody.

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“…A variety of ex vivo assays and extensive light and electron microscopic studies 22,23 have been used to elucidate the epidermal changes of ICD induced by irritants and surfactants. 24 Yet, noninvasive techniques such as reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), transepidermal water loss (TEWL) 25,26 and fluorescence excitation spectroscopy (FES), [27][28][29][30] and basal electrical impedance 31 offer significant advantages over conventional histology as they allow for repeated evaluation of epidermal changes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritant contact dermatitis induced by a common household irritant: A noninvasive evaluation of ethnic variability in skin response

Astner

Burnett

Rius-Díaz

et al. 2006

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

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A Comparative Light and Electron Microscopic Study of Primary Irritant Contact Dermatitis and Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Cited by 79 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Cellular Infiltrate in Experimental Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Cellular Infiltrate in Experimental Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Basophilic Leukocytes in Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Irritant contact dermatitis induced by a common household irritant: A noninvasive evaluation of ethnic variability in skin response

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