A comparative in vitro and in vivo study of porcine‐ and bovine‐derived non‐cross‐linked collagen membranes

Abstract

The porcine-derived non-cross-linked collagen membrane Bio-gide ® (BG) and the bovine-derived non-cross-linked collagen membrane Heal-all ® (HA) were compared to better understand their in vitro biophysical characteristics and in vivo degradation patterns as a reference for clinical applications. It was showed that the porosity, specific surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of BG were larger than those of HA (64.5 ± 5.2% vs. 48.6 ± 6.1%; 18.6 ± 2.8 m 2 /g vs. 2.3 ± 0.6 m 2 /g; 0.114 ± 0.002 cm 3 /g vs. 0.003 ± 0.001 cm 3 /g; 24.4 ± 3.5 nm vs. 7.3 ± 1.7 nm, respectively); the average swelling ratio of BG was higher than that of HA (412.6 ± 41.2% vs. 270.0 ± 2.7%); the tensile strength of both dry and wet HA was higher than those of BG (18.26 ± 3.27 MPa vs. 4.02 ± 1.35 MPa; 2.24 ± 0.21 MPa vs. 0.16 ± 0.02 MPa, respectively); 73% of HA remained after 72 h in collagenase solution, whereas only 8.2% of BG remained. A subcutaneous rat implantation model revealed that, at 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days postmembrane implantation, there were more total inflammatory cells, especially more M1 and M2 polarized macrophages and higher M2/M1 ratio in BG than in HA; in addition, the fibrous capsule around BG was also thicker than that around HA. Moreover, concentrations of dozens of cytokines including interleukin-2(IL-2), IL-7, IL-10 and so forth. in BG were higher than those in HA. It is suggested that BG and HA might be suitable for different clinical applications according to their different characteristics.

Development of Novel Polysaccharide Membranes for Guided Bone Regeneration: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations

“…A slowest resorption rate was observed with the pullulan/dextran-derived membranes compared to the commercial collagen membrane. This finding was also supported by previous studies reporting the tendency of collagen membranes to quickly resorb [43,[46][47][48]. A possible explanation is the progressive cellular infiltration observed inside the Bio-Gide ® membrane, whereas no cell infiltration was observed inside Mb and Mb + HA.…”

Properties of three collagen scaffolds in comparison with native connective tissue: an in-vitro study

“…In an in vitro test, Zhu et al observed a correlation between larger pore size and increased liquid absorption capacity and swelling behavior [ 26 ]. This could indicate a superior ability to absorb blood and tissue fluid, and thus, endogenous and added exogenous growth factors.…”

“…Swelling is another crucial parameter. A clinical correlation is believed to exist between a high swelling ratio and rapid resorption rate [ 26 ]. After implantation and suturing of the flap, the collagen materials are compressed to varying extents.…”

Active and Passive Mineralization of Bio-Gide® Membranes in Rat Calvaria Defects

“…Collagen membranes are usually of xenogeneic origin, having been subjected to a sequential series of processing steps that basically remove most of the original cellular components, ending up with a sterile ready-to-use biomaterial. However, the collagen membranes maintain the structural [ 8 , 9 ] and biochemical properties [ 9 , 10 ] of the original tissue. Moreover, the intrinsic biological activity of collagen membranes is reflected by in vitro bioassays, including those that test the activity of the conditioned medium [ 10 ], the adsorption of growth factors [ 11 , 12 ], and the cellular response upon seeding [ 9 , 13 ].…”