A comparative energy and environmental analysis of a diesel, hybrid, hydrogen and electric urban bus

Correa, G.; Muñoz, P.; Rodríguez, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2019.115906

Cited by 59 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Therefore, according to the proposed formulas for the IPGS optimization problem, by relaxing two complicated constraints including power flow (2b) and gas flow (10f), the objective function of the problem is rewritten as (12a). To indicate the linearity of the problem,q 2 kl ðtÞ is replaced byq kl ðtÞ. In this dual problem, l 1 ðtÞ and l 2 ðtÞ are Lagrange multipliers for the constraints of power and gas flow, respectively.…”

Section: Solution Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of interconnection between electricity and other energy systems such as hydrogen, heat and natural gas (NG) was analyzed in recent years. Hybrid electric vehicles can benefit from the integration of hydrogen and electricity networks [2]. The combination of electricity and heat systems results in power and heat purchase saving [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A series multi-step approach for operation Co-optimization of integrated power and natural gas systems

Faridpak

Farrokhifar

Murzakhanov

et al. 2020

Energy

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Power to gas units and gas turbines have provided considerable opportunities for bidirectional interdependency between electric power and natural gas infrastructures. This paper proposes a series of multi-step strategy with surrogate Lagrange relaxation for operation co-optimization of an integrated power and natural gas system. At first, the value of coordination capacity is considered as a contract to avoid dysfunction in each system. Then, the uncertainties and risks analysis associated with wind speed, solar radiation, and load fluctuation are implemented by generating stochastic scenarios. Finally, before employing surrogate Lagrange relaxation, the non-linear and non-convex gas flow constraint is linearized by two-dimension piecewise linearization. In the proposed procedure, constraints for energy storages and renewable energy sources are included. Two case studies are employed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The surrogate Lagrange relaxation approach with coordination branch & cut method enhances the accuracy of convergence and can effectively reduce the decisionmaking time.

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Section: Solution Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A series multi-step approach for operation Co-optimization of integrated power and natural gas systems

Faridpak

Farrokhifar

Murzakhanov

et al. 2020

Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Other valuable studies include comparative analyses of effects of operating various types of buses. These include studies carried out by Correa et al [127,128], Stempien and Chan [129], Misanovic et al [130], Imam et al [131], and Tzeng et al [90]. The last of the studies is also a very valuable, concise description of each type of city bus available on the market.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economic Effects of Electromobility in Sustainable Urban Public Transport

Pietrzak

2021

Energies

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This paper focuses on effects of implementing zero-emission buses in public transport fleets in urban areas in the context of electromobility assumptions. It fills the literature gap in the area of research on the impact of the energy mix of a given country on the issues raised in this article. The main purpose of this paper is to identify and analyse economic effects of implementing zero-emission buses in public transport in cities. The research area was the city of Szczecin, Poland. The research study was completed using the following research methods: literature review, document analysis (legal acts and internal documents), case study, ratio analysis, and comparative analysis of selected variants (investment variant and base variant). The conducted research study has shown that economic benefits resulting from implementing zero-emission buses in an urban transport fleet are limited by the current energy mix structure of the given country. An unfavourable energy mix may lead to increased emissions of SO2 and CO2 resulting from operation of this kind of vehicle. Therefore, achieving full effects in the field of electromobility in the given country depends on taking concurrent actions in order to diversify the power generation sources, and in particular on increasing the share of Renewable Energy Sources (RES).

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“…Most of the contributions examine the use of, for example, electric buses or buses that run on other alternative fuels and their contribution to reducing the impact of bus traffic on specific public passenger transport routes, in particular with regards to air quality [5][6][7]. In [8], the dynamics of competing fuels in two Swedish municipalities where electric buses have emerged, threatening incumbent biogas-based bus systems, are examined.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the Development of New Bus Registrations with Alternative Powertrains in Europe

Gnap

Dočkalik

Dydkowski

2021

LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics

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The setting of minimum targets for EU member states to procure green vehicles within two reference periods ending in 2025 and 2030, should help to promote mobility with low, respectively zero emissions. The research results reveal that the V4 countries (Slovakia, Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary) will find it very difficult to meet the set minimum targets for the share of ecological buses in the total number of buses included in the sum of all contracts subject to EU Directive 2019/1161 concluded from 2 August 2021. The share of buses with alternative powertrains in the V4 countries in 2019 was only 12.79% (with the minimum target being much higher). The Nordic countries are best placed to meet the minimum targets for the share of green buses (in 2019, the share of such buses was almost 19%). The crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has and continues to affect bus demand across Europe, may have a significant impact on meeting the minimum targets, especially by the end of the first reference period.

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A comparative energy and environmental analysis of a diesel, hybrid, hydrogen and electric urban bus

Cited by 59 publications

References 50 publications

A series multi-step approach for operation Co-optimization of integrated power and natural gas systems

A series multi-step approach for operation Co-optimization of integrated power and natural gas systems

The Economic Effects of Electromobility in Sustainable Urban Public Transport

Examination of the Development of New Bus Registrations with Alternative Powertrains in Europe

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