A Comparative Atlas of Zooplankton

Spoel, S. van der; Heyman, Robert Pieter

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-02366-2

Cited by 62 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…For discussions on pelagic biogeography in general, see Boltovskoy (1999), Longhurst (1998b), Pierrot-Bults et al (1986), Pierrot-Bults & Van der Spoel (1998), and Van der Spoel & Heyman (1983). Biodiversity in the pelagic is allegedly poor (Pierrot-Bults 1997, Pierrot-Bults & Van der Spoel, in press), but the very broadly distributed species need molecular research to determine their true variation in relation with their geographic distribution patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pelagic Biodiversity and Biogeography around the SouthAmerican continent

Pierrot-Bults

2003

Gayana (Concepc.)

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Biogeography around South America is well documented on the Atlantic side and less well documented on the Pacific side especially south of about 30º S. The South Pacific oceanic areas are the least known of all pelagic areas. The different approaches to determine biogeographic provinces (e.g. the classical one showing mainly latitudinal and watermass distribution patterns based on presence/absence of species; and the biogeochemical approach based on productivity regimes and modelling) are discussed. The latter shows more east-west division. Testing of these concepts will probably reveal more coastal provinces in the Pacific area. The transitional area in the South Pacific is also an interesting area for molecular species research because there are some joint species with the Atlantic Ocean species that are not often found in the southern Indian Ocean.KEYWORDS: Pelagic biodiversity, biogeography, South America. RESUMENLa biogeografía en torno de América del Sur está bien documentada en el lado Atlántico y menos documentada en el Pacífico, especialmente al sur de los 30º S. Las áreas oceánicas del Pacífico Sur son las menos conocidas de todas las áreas pelágicas. Se discute los diversos intentos para determinar las provincias biogeográficas, e.g. el clásico que muestra los principales patrones de distribución latitudinal y de masas de agua basados en la presencia/ausencia de especies, y del método biogeoquímico basado en regímenes de productividad y modelamiento. El último muestra una división más este-oeste. La prueba de estos conceptos revelará probablemente más provincias costeras en el área del Pacífico. El área de transición en el Pacífico Sur, también es un área interesante para la investigación molecular de las especies porque hay un número de especies comunes con el Océano Atlántico, especies que no se presentan a menudo en el Océano Índico del Sur.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pelagic Biodiversity and Biogeography around the SouthAmerican continent

Pierrot-Bults

2003

Gayana (Concepc.)

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“…The traditional morphotaxonomic entities defined as species in foraminifers and coccolithophores, stable over periods of millions years in the fossil record (Thierstein et al this volume), are in fact super-species, i.e. assemblages of allopatric3 species of monophyletic origin, often with distinct morphological differences (Mayr 1971, Van der Spoel andHeyman 1983).…”

Section: Super-species In the Plankton -Evolutionary And Ecological Imentioning

confidence: 98%

“…the six different latitudinal morphotypes in the Thaliacea Salpafusiformis), or "formae" (e.g. the 5 and 9 morphotypes respectively found in the pteropods Clio pyramidata and Cavolinia tridentata (Van der Spoel and Heyman 1983). The typical adjoining distribution ranges of the formae, separated by contiguous biogeographic boundaries, made that those were interpreted as ecophenotypes within single polytypic species.…”

Section: Super-species In the Plankton -Evolutionary And Ecological Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the pelagial, most species of the phyto-and zooplankton have been reported as cosmopolitan, or at least as inhabiting huge, circum-global, and often bipolar -or antitropical -biogeographic ranges (Be 1977, Roth 1994, Van der Spoel and Heyman 1983. The sea surface temperature gradient from the poles to the equator is often invoked as the most important limiting factor constraining the distribution of individual species, which in principle can rapidly be transported between basins or hemispheres through oceanic currents (Van der Spoel and Heyman 1983).…”

Section: Water-mass and Depth Adaptation Of Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sea surface temperature gradient from the poles to the equator is often invoked as the most important limiting factor constraining the distribution of individual species, which in principle can rapidly be transported between basins or hemispheres through oceanic currents (Van der Spoel and Heyman 1983). This view of the biogeography of planktic microorganisms is mainly based on morphological species concepts, and has also been strongly influenced by the unique, global scale analyses of protistan shells retrieved from deep-sea sediments (Arnold and Parker 1999, Hemleben et al 1989, Spencer-Cervato 1999.…”

Section: Water-mass and Depth Adaptation Of Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Super-Species in the calcareous plankton

et al. 2004

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SummaryThe most successful groups of pelagic protists in the modern Ocean have evolved convergent phenotypic traits, including the presence of hard skeletons enclosing the cell. These micro-skeletons -tests, coccoliths, frustules, theca -have accumulated kilometers of deep-sea sediments since the Jurassic, the most complete and continuous fossil record widely used for reconstructing Earth systems dynamics and microbial evolution. The use of the traditional morphological species concepts in those groups indicates that the relatively few species living at a given time have huge, often circum-global biogeographic distributions, and commonly last for many million years in the sediment record, which contrasts with the hectic biological pace of life occurring in the oceanic water masses, leading to one of the highest organismic turnover that any ecosystem sustains. Here we review all recent genetic data on coccolithophore and foraminifer biodiversity. In both groups, the sequencing of various genes shows that the morphological 'species' are in fact monophyletic assemblages of sibling species which diverged several million years ago according to molecular clock calculations. Furthermore the sibling species within a morphological entity may systematically occupy restricted geographic or temporal allopatric subdivisions of the total ecological range attributed to the traditional morphospecies. They display also stable and subtle -despite million years of genetic isolation -morphological differences that have been previously overlooked or interpreted as ecophenotypic variations. Obviously, various selective forces related to life in the marine planktic realm impose a strong stabilizing selection on pelagic organisms that maintains "optimal" phenotypes through the origination and possibly extinction of sibling species. We propose that this mode of evolution is characteristic of most marine planktic taxa, including metazoans, and we introduce a concept of 'planktic super-species' to describe these constrained morphological monophyletic entities that include several sibling species H. R. Thierstein et al. (eds.), Coccolithophores

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The evolutionary challenges of extreme environments (Part 1)

Waterman

1999

J. Exp. Zool.

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A Comparative Atlas of Zooplankton

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Pelagic Biodiversity and Biogeography around the SouthAmerican continent

Pelagic Biodiversity and Biogeography around the SouthAmerican continent

Super-Species in the calcareous plankton

The evolutionary challenges of extreme environments (Part 1)

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