A Compact-Size Multiple-Band Planar Inverted L-C Implantable Antenna Used for Biomedical Applications

Salama, Sanaa; Zyoud, Duaa; Abuelhaija, Ashraf

doi:10.3390/mi14051021

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) structure [8] and the Planar Inverted-L Antenna (PILA) structure [9] are widely utilized antenna designs. The PIFA typically consists of a metal radiator, insulating medium, and ground plane.…”

Section: Planar Inverted-f Antenna and Planar Inverted-l Antenna Stru...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the PILA comprise a metal radiator and metal feed line. While offering less effective mitigation against metal interference, the PILA can achieve various polarization modes such as horizontal, vertical, or circular polarization [9]. Some scholars have proposed enhancing the PIFA structure with tunable via-hole patch-loaded designs.…”

Section: Planar Inverted-f Antenna and Planar Inverted-l Antenna Stru...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Metal-Resistant Structures for Radio Frequency Identification Tag Antennas

Zhang,

Wang

2024

FCIS

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Amidst the rapid expansion of e-commerce and the consequential surge in industries such as transportation, logistics, and supply chain management, there has been remarkable growth. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, along with its associated tags, plays a pivotal role in the transmission and tracking of crucial information within these sectors. However, the presence of metallic components within RFID systems poses a significant obstacle to efficient antenna transmission. Consequently, there is a pressing need for the development of RFID tag antennas endowed with metal-resistant properties. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of existing designs and structures for metal-resistant RFID tag antennas, providing valuable insights into their prospective developmental trajectories and potential applications. Such analysis serves as a pertinent reference for research and engineering endeavors across related domains.

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Section: Planar Inverted-f Antenna and Planar Inverted-l Antenna Stru...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Planar Inverted-f Antenna and Planar Inverted-l Antenna Stru...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Metal-Resistant Structures for Radio Frequency Identification Tag Antennas

Zhang,

Wang

2024

FCIS

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“…In this work, a metamaterial is used to enhance the characteristics of a planar inverted F-L implant antenna (PIFLIA) and becomes a novel approach for biomedical (1) applications. By using metamaterials, the proposed antenna properties are enhanced compared to the conventional materials, [26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Theory Of Metamaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Miniaturized Enhanced Gain Wideband Metamaterial Loaded Planar Inverted F-L Implant Antenna

Salama,

ZYOUD,

Abuelhaija

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The antenna presented in this work is a planar inverted F-L (PIFLIA) implant antenna. The PIFLIA characteristics are improved by loading it with a metamaterial. A metamaterial is an artificial material engineered having properties that are unavailable in nature. The metamaterial is designed using an H-shaped split rectangular resonator as the unit cell. Unit cells are the main element of metamaterials. The antenna is constructed on a substrate material of RO3010. To reduce the antenna's size and enhance its bandwidth, a 2x2 array of the metamaterial unit cell is printed on the opposite side of the substrate. While, the planar inverted F-L antenna is on the upper side of the substrate. This arrangement results in a compact antenna structure. The size of the metamaterial-loaded PIFLA antenna is specified as 16 × 10 × 1.28 mm³. The structure and simulation of the proposed antenna are performed using CST (Computer Simulation Technology) software, a popular tool for electromagnetic simulations. The relative permittivity, ε_r, relative permeability, μ_r, and refractive index, n of the metamaterial unit cell are determined from the scattering parameters and plotted using Matlab, a high-level programming language commonly used for numerical simulations and data analysis. The simulated S_11 of the antenna indicates excellent performance with less than -32 dB return loss in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band and the medical implant communication services (MICS) band. Additionally, the antenna supports a wide frequency bandwidth, including the MICS band [393.3 – 412.64 MHz], the ISM band [2 – 2.6 GHz], and two additional frequency bands: [1.2 – 1.3 GHz] and [2.8 - 3.6 GHz]. The introduced metamaterial-loaded PIFLA implant antenna is implemented, and the measurements were in consistent with the simulation results.

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A Miniaturized Tri-Band Implantable Antenna for ISM/WMTS/Lower UWB/Wi-Fi Frequencies

Gupta,

Kumar,

Bansal

et al. 2023

Sensors

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This study aims to design a compact antenna structure suitable for implantable devices, with a broad frequency range covering various bands such as the Industrial Scientific and Medical band (868–868.6 MHz, 902–928 MHz, 5.725–5.875 GHz), the Wireless Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS) band, a subset of the unlicensed 3.5–4.5 GHz ultra-wideband (UWB) that is free of interference, and various Wi-Fi spectra (3.6 GHz, 4.9 GHz, 5 GHz, 5.9 GHz, 6 GHz). The antenna supports both low and high frequencies for efficient data transfer and is compatible with various communication technologies. The antenna features an asynchronous-meandered radiator, a parasitic patch, and an open-ended square ring-shaped ground plane. The antenna is deployed deep inside the muscle layer of a rectangular phantom below the skin and fat layer at a depth of 7 mm for numerical simulation. Furthermore, the antenna is deployed in a cylindrical phantom and bent to check the suitability for different organs. A prototype of the antenna is created, and its reflection coefficient and radiation patterns are measured in fresh pork tissue. The proposed antenna is considered a suitable candidate for implantable technology compared to other designs reported in the literature. It can be observed that the proposed antenna in this study has the smallest volume (75 mm3) and widest bandwidth (181.8% for 0.86 GHz, 9.58% for 1.43 GHz, and 285.7% for the UWB subset and Wi-Fi). It also has the highest gain (−26 dBi for ISM, −14 dBi for WMTS, and −14.2 dBi for UWB subset and Wi-Fi) compared to other antennas in the literature. In addition, the SAR values for the proposed antenna are well below the safety limits prescribed by IEEE Std C95.1-1999, with SAR values of 0.409 W/Kg for 0.8 GHz, 0.534 W/Kg for 1.43 GHz, 0.529 W/Kg for 3.5 GHz, and 0.665 W/Kg for 5.5 GHz when the applied input power is 10 mW. Overall, the proposed antenna in this study demonstrates superior performance compared to existing tri-band implantable antennas in terms of size, bandwidth, gain, and SAR values.

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A Compact-Size Multiple-Band Planar Inverted L-C Implantable Antenna Used for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Review of Metal-Resistant Structures for Radio Frequency Identification Tag Antennas

Review of Metal-Resistant Structures for Radio Frequency Identification Tag Antennas

A Miniaturized Enhanced Gain Wideband Metamaterial Loaded Planar Inverted F-L Implant Antenna

A Miniaturized Tri-Band Implantable Antenna for ISM/WMTS/Lower UWB/Wi-Fi Frequencies

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