A Combination of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (Maxresorb®) and Hyaluronic Acid Gel (Hyadent®) for Repairing Osseous Defects in a Rat Model

Abstract

Featured Application: Irrespective of the presence of hyaluronic acid (Hyadent ® , HyA), biphasic calcium phosphate (Maxresorb ® , BCP) was capable of bone regeneration within the defects as early as four weeks with sustained bone remodeling even at 10 weeks. Further in vivo studies are required to evaluate whether the dose and molecular weight of HyA could potentially benefit osseous regeneration with bone graft materials.Abstract: The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the efficacy of biphasic calcium phosphate (Maxresorb ® , BCP) used in combination with hyaluronic acid (Hyadent ® , HyA) gel for regeneration of osseous defects in a rat model. Bilateral femoral condylar bone defects (3 mm diameter and 3 mm depth) were created in 40 male Wistar rats. The defects were grafted as group I (BCP only), group II (BCP + HyA), group III (HyA only), and group IV (empty control). At four weeks and 10 weeks, the bone specimens were evaluated using histological and histomorphometrical analyses to identify the newly formed bone area (NF-BA (%)), as well as the remaining BCP particles (R-BCP (%)). Light microscopic examination indicated the absence of an inflammatory reaction within the bone defects after four weeks or 10 weeks of implantation. Significant new bone regeneration was present in the bone defects grafted with BCP or BCP + HyA biomaterials, as early as four weeks, compared to control groups. The addition of HyA to BCP did not significantly improve bone regeneration at four weeks or 10 weeks. Nevertheless, its role in bone healing and regeneration warrants further investigation.

Bone Regeneration Using PEVAV/β-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite Scaffolds in Standardized Calvarial Defects: Micro-Computed Tomographic Experiment in Rats

“…Several studies have reported the effect of β-TCP in inducing cellular proliferation, osteogenesis, and the adsorption of proteins and growth factors, which consequently aids in bone regeneration [ 4 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. However, β-TCP has the disadvantage of rapid degradation, thus restricting its ability to promote bone regeneration over an extended time [ 2 ].…”

“…Conversely, grafting materials, such as allografts and xenografts, imply the possibility of immune rejection and disease transmission. Hence, several synthetic bone-grafting materials have been developed and applied for osseous defect regeneration in the field of clinical dentistry and orthopedic surgery that showed significant success without the risk of disease transmission [ 2 ]. Among them, beta-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP) has generated a great interest in bone regeneration both in animals [ 3 , 4 ] and humans [ 5 , 6 ] because of its biocompatibility, similarities with natural bone minerals, and resorptive characteristics.…”

Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Using Ceramic Alloplastic Granules or Paste: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

“…The biomaterial in granules used in the present study was also applied in other clinical [30,41] and experimental [42,43] studies. In a clinical study [30], biopsies were collected six months after sinus floor elevation performed either with 100% beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) or a biphasic 60% hydroxyapatite (HA) and 40% ß-TCP.…”

Histological and Histomorphometric Analyses of Bone Regeneration in Osteoporotic Rats Using a Xenograft Material

“…For instance, we recently published an in vivo experimental study using the same femoral condyle model of 3-mm critical size defect. The untreated (empty) defects did not heal without intervention, making the rat femoral condyle model a well-established and standardized critical size defect model highly useful for evaluating bone regeneration in healthy and osteoporotic bone [ 29 ].…”