Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Using Ceramic Alloplastic Granules or Paste: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

Abstract

Background: Due to the lack of data comparing the biological behavior of two formulations, granules and paste, of alloplastic graft from microtomographic and histomorphometric points of view, the aim of the present experiment was to compare the histomorphometric and microtomographic healing of two formulations, i.e., granules (MR sites) or paste (MR-inject sites) of an alloplastic graft composed of a combination of beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite used for maxillary sinus lifting. Methods: A sinus lifting procedure was carried out bilaterally in 20 rabbits, and the elevated space was filled with either paste or granules of an alloplastic material. A collagen membrane was placed on the antrostomy and the animals were euthanized after 2 or 10 weeks, 10 animals each group. Microtomographic and histological analyses were performed. Results: Higher proportions of new bone formation were found at the MR, compared to the MR-inject sites both after 2 weeks (2.65 ± 2.89% vs. 0.08 ± 0.12%; p < 0.01) and 10 weeks of healing (34.20 ± 13.86 vs. 23.28 ± 10.35%; p = 0.022). Conclusions: It was concluded that new bone formation was faster in the MR sites, compared to the MR-inject. However, a longer time of healing should be allowed to make final conclusions about the efficiency in bone formation of the paste formulation of the biomaterial used in the present study.

Clinical Assessment of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate in Granules and Paste Forms in Human Maxillary Sinus Bone Augmentation: A Randomized, Split-Mouth Clinical Trial

“…Osteocalcin is a protein associated with bone maturation [ 25 , 30 ] and bone mineralization [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. After six months, the bone healing was analyzed with osteocalcin, and there were suitable results for both groups indicating that are able to receive dental implants.…”

Clinical and Histological Healing after Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation

“…In the second experiment, granules or paste composed of beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite were used to fill the elevated subantral spaces [ 37 ]. The healing was evaluated in various regions of the elevated region after 2 and 10 weeks, ten rabbits per period.…”

Evaluation of Two Configurations of Hydroxyapatite and Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate in Sinus Grafts with Simultaneous Implant Installation: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

“…The experimental model of sinus grafting in rabbits [18], associated with concomitant implant installation [3], has been widely used because of its bone remodeling properties that are similar to those of humans [18,19]. A comparison of healing in rabbit sinuses elevated with either paste or granules has already been performed [20], but without simultaneous implant placement. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the peri-implant bone formed after 7 and 40 days in rabbit sinuses grafted with hydroxyapatite and betatricalcium phosphate (HA + β-TCP) in a granule or paste configuration, concomitant with implant installation.…”