A cobertura de ciência em telejornais do Brasil e da Colômbia: um estudo comparativo das construções midiáticas

Abstract

Resumo O estudo analisa e compara a cobertura de ciência e tecnologia do principal telejornal do Brasil (Jornal Nacional) e o da Colômbia (Noticias Caracol), utilizando análise de conteúdo aplicada a um corpus de matérias representativas de um ano de transmissão – abril 2009 a março 2010. Observou-se que o informativo brasileiro apresentou mais que o dobro de matérias sobre ciência e tecnologia que o colombiano, com cobertura mais estável ao longo do ano e notas mais longas, mais recursos visuais e maior destaque. Porém, foram encontradas similaridades nos dois telejornais: notícias sobre medicina e saúde foram as mais frequentes; o principal enfoque das notas foi o anúncio de nova investigação; cientistas foram as principais fontes citadas; e pesquisas nacionais foram priorizadas.

Optimism in a sea of uncertainties: the journalistic coverage on the research of new medicines in Brazil

“…Confidence in the success of the announced research, emphasis on hard news and the little attention paid to controversy, scientific uncertainties, and difficulties to be faced in the course of the work dominated the 214 journalistic stories on biologically active compounds published over the course of 27 years, which was fairly similar to the coverage of science news on TV [Castelfranchi, Massarani and Ramalho, 2014;Ramalho et al, 2016]. The optimism about the future of compounds in the initial phase of evaluation was inconsistent and reflects the lack of knowledge about drug development and the peculiarities of scientific production and represents an attempt to draw the attention of readers, as argued by Dentzer [2009], creating expectations that can hardly be met.…”

“…This approach is not limited to the coverage about new drugs: the emphasis on novelties, optimism and a triumphalist tone characterised the science stories transmitted from April 2009 to March 2010 in Jornal Nacional, the main Brazilian newscast [Castelfranchi, Massarani and Ramalho, 2014]. Comparative studies recorded the value of scientific production and of national scientists also in Argentina, Mexico and Colombia [Massarani et al, 2008;Ramalho et al, 2016].…”

Visual data: a new tool to improve the presentation of clinical trial results

“…The use of visual data may favor the dissemination of RCT results through non-scientific communication, such as television, blog and social networks − media commonly used to inform the non-academic public interested in scientific research. ( 4 ) This is an important topic given the growing interest of scientific journals in disseminating their articles to main public through social media ( e.g . Facebook, Twitter and Instagram).…”

Twitter y el desastre de Salgar (Colombia, 2015); espacio virtual, gestión del riesgo y solidaridad

“…Esta separación de actores se precisa según el contexto como se hace con las fuentes más comunes entre los medios tradicionales, siguiendo a Ramalho et al (2017).…”

“…En Massarani y Ramalho (2012) se expone un protocolo de análisis de contenido para noticias relacionadas con ciencia y tecnología en el ámbito iberoamericano, apuntalado en Ramalho et al (2017). En dicho trabajo se invita a que tal protocolo sea adecuado y adoptado para otros estudios, por ejemplo para temas sobre desastres en los medios en los que se da una intrincada circulación de saberes.…”