A CMOS-based neural implantable optrode for optogenetic stimulation and electrical recording

Zhao, Hubin; Dehkhoda, Fahimeh; Ramezani, Reza; Sokolov, Danil; Degenaar, Patrick; Liu, Yan; Constandinou, Timothy G.

doi:10.1109/biocas.2015.7348357

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…It is the most widespread material for insulation and substrates in clinical applications [34,35]. Silicon (Si) is the most widespread material for micromachined neural probes since it allows smallest feature sizes and monolithic integration of electronic circuits like multiplexers and amplifiers [36,37]. Silicon is relatively stiff and therefore facilitates the implantation procedure.…”

Section: Substrate Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PEDOT) [53,54] decrease the noise and increase both, signal-to-noise quality during recording and the safe charge injection capacity for stimulation. Integration of amplifiers under the electrodes is feasible on silicon substrates [37] but has been also recently been realized with conducting polymers [55]. New materials like carbon-based fibers [56,57] or glassy carbon electrodes [58,59] emerged during the last years.…”

Section: Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why Neurotechnologies? About the Purposes, Opportunities and Limitations of Neurotechnologies in Clinical Applications

Stieglitz

2019

Neuroethics

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Neurotechnologies describe a field of science and engineering in which the nervous system is interfaced with technical devices. Fundamental research is conducted to explore functions of the brain, decipher the neural code and get a better understanding of diseases and disorders. Risk benefit assessment has been well established in all medical disciplines to treat patients best possible while minimizing jeopardizing their lives by the interventions. Is this set of assessment rules sufficient when the brain will be interfaced with a technical system and is this assessment enough? How will these new technologies change personality and society? This article will shortly review different stakeholders' opinions and their expectation in the field, assembles information the state-of-the art in medical applications of neurotechnological implants and describes and assesses the fundamental technologies that are used to build up these implants starting with essential requirements of technical materials in contact with living tissue. The different paragraphs guide the reader through the main aspects of neurotechnologies and lay a foundation of knowledge to be able to contribute to the discussion in which cases implants will be beneficial and in which cases we should express serious concerns.

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Section: Substrate Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Neurotechnologies? About the Purposes, Opportunities and Limitations of Neurotechnologies in Clinical Applications

Stieglitz

2019

Neuroethics

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“…Overall system design joint with only preliminary simulation results of recording and stimulation subsystems were initially reported in [30]. This paper discusses detailed system operation, circuit design, proposed form factor and in vitro test results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Probe Neural Interface ASIC for Combined Electrical Recording and Optogenetic Stimulation

Ramezani

Liu

Dehkhoda

et al. 2018

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Circuits Syst.

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Neuromodulation technologies are progressing from pacemaking and sensory operations to full closed-loop control. In particular, optogenetics-the genetic modification of light sensitivity into neural tissue allows for simultaneous optical stimulation and electronic recording. This paper presents a neural interface application-specified integrated circuit (ASIC) for intelligent optoelectronic probes. The architecture is designed to enable simultaneous optical neural stimulation and electronic recording. It provides four low noise (2.08 μV) recording channels optimized for recording local field potentials (LFPs) (0.1-300 Hz bandwidth, 5 mV range, sampled 10-bit@4 kHz), which are more stable for chronic applications. For stimulation, it provides six independently addressable optical driver circuits, which can provide both intensity (8-bit resolution across a 1.1 mA range) and pulse-width modulation for high-radiance light emitting diodes (LEDs). The system includes a fully digital interface using a serial peripheral interface (SPI) protocol to allow for use with embedded controllers. The SPI interface is embedded within a finite state machine (FSM), which implements a command interpreter that can send out LFP data whilst receiving instructions to control LED emission. The circuit has been implemented in a commercially available 0.35 μm CMOS technology occupying a 1.95 mm 1.10 mm footprint for mounting onto the head of a silicon probe. Measured results are given for a variety of bench-top, in vitro and in vivo experiments, quantifying system performance and also demonstrating concurrent recording and stimulation within relevant experimental models.

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“…CANDO aims to develop an implantable device to provide a closed-loop therapy for focal epilepsy. The CANDO system consists of one CI unit for control and power and multiple PI units for bidirectional neural interfacing [4], [5]. The different units are connected via a shared implantable lead.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive power regulation and data delivery for multi-module implants

Mifsud

Haci

Ghoreishizadeh

et al. 2017

2017 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)

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Emerging applications for implantable devices are requiring multi-unit systems with intrabody transmission of power and data through wireline interfaces. This paper proposes a novel method for power delivery within such a configuration that makes use of closed loop dynamic regulation. This is implemented for an implantable application requiring a single master and multiple identical slave devices utilising a parallel-connected 4-wire interface. The power regulation is achieved within the master unit through closed loop monitoring of the current consumption to the wired link. Simultaneous power transfer and full-duplex data communication is achieved by superimposing the power carrier and downlink data over two wires and uplink data over a second pair of wires. Measured results using a fully isolated (AC coupled) 4-wire lead, demonstrate this implementation can transmit up to 120 mW of power at 6 V (at the slave device, after eliminating any losses). The master device has a maximum efficiency of 80 % including a dominant dynamic power loss. A 6 V constant supply at the slave device is recovered 1.5 ms after a step of 22 mA.

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A CMOS-based neural implantable optrode for optogenetic stimulation and electrical recording

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Why Neurotechnologies? About the Purposes, Opportunities and Limitations of Neurotechnologies in Clinical Applications

Why Neurotechnologies? About the Purposes, Opportunities and Limitations of Neurotechnologies in Clinical Applications

On-Probe Neural Interface ASIC for Combined Electrical Recording and Optogenetic Stimulation

Adaptive power regulation and data delivery for multi-module implants

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