A closer look at the prevalence of time rule violations and the inter-point time in men’s Grand Slam tennis

Kolbinger, Otto; Großmann, Simon; Lames, Martin

doi:10.3233/jsa-180277

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Kolbinger and Stöckl (2019) introduced this term for minor rule violations that are almost never penalized by officials. The treatment of time violations in tennis fulfilled the criteria described by them, as it was shown in the study of (Kolbinger, Großmann, & Lames, 2019). The time rule was violated for 58.5% of the serves, with only 0.1% of the violations being penalized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

The serve clock reduced rule violations, but did not speed up the game: A closer look at the inter-point time at the 2018 US Open

Mühlberger

Kolbinger

2020

jhse

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After treating time rule violations as a trivial offense over the past, tennis associations in 2018 permanently introduced an on-court serve clock to make sure that players do not exceed the time limit between points. In this study, we investigated the influence of this technological officiating aid at its first use in Grand Slam tennis at the 2018 US Open. By investigating time intervals between 2135 points at the Men's single tournament we found that the share of rule violations decreased (26.3%), but the average time did not (21.6 s) compared to previous studies. We could further confirm that the players still use this time interval for tactical reasons and to recover after longer rallies. In addition, the umpires, which do not show any reputation bias, have a significant influence on the inter-point time as well. Based on these findings we suggest introducing a serve clock that is started automatically. Further, we argue that a dynamic time limit, which takes the intensity of the previous rally into account, would be more appropriate. Players could be granted more time for recovery after longer rallies, but less time after shorter ones in order to reach the intended goals regarding pace of play.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

The serve clock reduced rule violations, but did not speed up the game: A closer look at the inter-point time at the 2018 US Open

Mühlberger

Kolbinger

2020

jhse

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“…V mezinárodních tenisových utkáních byly dříve publikovány a zkoumány různé herní charakteristiky. Čas mezi body se liší od 19,4 s do 33,1 s (Kolbinger, Großmann & Lames, 2019;Schönborn, 1999;Weber et al, 2010), nicméně mezinárodní pravidla dovolují mezi rozehrami 25 s (ITF, 2019). Intermitentní zatížení je typické pro tenis.…”

Section: úVodunclassified

Comparison of game characteristics at professional ITF and ATP tennis tournaments

Carboch¹,

Šiman²,

Kočíb³

2021

Telesna kultura

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Comparison of game characteristics at professional ITF and ATP tennis tournamentsBackground: Tennis players have only limited time to hit the incoming ball. This specific time and other game characteristics may vary depending on the performance level of the players. Objective: The aim is to analyze and compare the game characteristics and frequency of rally shots in men's matches between the ATP Challenger tournament and the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour tournament played on a clay surface. Methods: We compare selected game characteristics in two international men's tennis tournaments of different category, i.e. the ITF Men's World Tennis Tour (lower professional level) and the ATP Challenger (medium professional level). Altogether, we analyzed 2483 points in 20 matches. Results: The mean rally pace was faster in the ITF tournament compared to the ATP Challenger tournament, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.06). There was a statistically significant difference in the work/rest ratio at the ITF tournament of 1:3.1 compared to the ATP Challenger 1 : 2.8 t (23) = -2.59, p = 0.03 (d = 0.55). Most often, the point ended in the first four rally shot, in the case of the ITF tournament in 53% and in the case of the ATP Challenger in 50% of cases. Conclusions: This study highlights specific aspects of game performance and the match characteristics in two categories of tournaments on clay court. From a practical point of view, the results can serve as a template for coaches to adjust training programs and to accurately model training sessions.

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“…10 It was suggested that this rule has two key roles: (i) it allows the players to recover, and (ii) promotes a match with continuity, that is, with as few non-game moments as possible. 11 However, in recent years several questions have been raised in the tennis community and referees' sensibility to this rule as an official watch has been in use since 2019. [10][11][12] In addition to factors extrinsic to players (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 However, in recent years several questions have been raised in the tennis community and referees' sensibility to this rule as an official watch has been in use since 2019. [10][11][12] In addition to factors extrinsic to players (e.g. weather conditions, or any other issue that does not allow the match to carry on in a regular way), it could be argued that whenever players exceed this time limit, they are trying to promote greater physical or mental recovery or to "disturb" their opponent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the physiological response in junior tennis players during short-term recovery: Understanding the magnitude of recovery until and after the 25 seconds rule

Morais

Bragada

Silva³

et al. 2022

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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Literature lacks evidence about the physiological recovery of tennis players between points. This study aimed to: (i) verify the heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (V̇O2) recovery variance in young tennis players from the end of a tennis drill until the 25-s mark and onwards (65-s limit), performed at several intensities, and (ii) test the curve fitting that better characterizes the players’ HR and V̇O2 recovery, from the end of the drill until the 65-s mark. The sample was composed of 13 male tennis players (age: 16.80 ± 1.61 years) recruited from a National Tennis Association. Players were instructed to perform a drill test (“two-line drill wide mode”) based on an intensity increment protocol. Three levels of intensity were used based on the reserve HR and V̇O2. A significance level effect was observed on the HRreserve and V̇O2reserve ( P < .001). At all three levels of intensity, the first 25 s were enough to significantly ( P < .001) recover the HRreserve and V̇O2reserve. The same significance trend ( P < .001) was maintained until the 65 s but with a lower magnitude over time. Overall, the HR and V̇O2 curve fitting indicated a cubic relationship at the three levels of intensity (except the V̇O2 at the first level). Considering the specific test performed, players significantly elicited their physiological profile for every additional 10 s (after the 25-s rule) in the three levels of intensity performed. Despite this being a drill test and not a competitive point, coaches, players, and tennis organizations should be aware of these findings.

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A closer look at the prevalence of time rule violations and the inter-point time in men’s Grand Slam tennis

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

The serve clock reduced rule violations, but did not speed up the game: A closer look at the inter-point time at the 2018 US Open

The serve clock reduced rule violations, but did not speed up the game: A closer look at the inter-point time at the 2018 US Open

Comparison of game characteristics at professional ITF and ATP tennis tournaments

Analysis of the physiological response in junior tennis players during short-term recovery: Understanding the magnitude of recovery until and after the 25 seconds rule

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