A closer look at corrosion of steel reinforcement bars in concrete using 3D neutron and X-ray computed tomography

Robuschi, Samanta; Tengattini, Alessandro; Dijkstra, Jelke; Fernandez, Ignasi; Lundgren, Karin

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2021.106439

Cited by 51 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This is also highlighted in [25] by Harnisch and Raupach, who explain that the reduction of pitting factor with time could be due to more lateral corrosion damage at corrosion spots. Results from Robuschi et al [46] also support the laterally extension of anodic area.…”

Section: Corrosion Current Densities For Corrosion Induced By Chlorid...mentioning

confidence: 79%

A discussion on the order of magnitude of corrosion current density in reinforcements of concrete structures and its link with cross-section loss of reinforcement

François¹

2022

RILEM Tech Lett

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This paper deals with the determination of the corrosion current density in chloride-induced corrosion in reinforced concrete structures. Because the corrosion of steel bars is generally localized, calculations of the densities of corrosion current need to take the real surface areas of anodic zones into account. Nowadays, in the lab or on site, the calculation of densities of corrosion are based on arbitrary steel surface areas, which merge anodic and cathodic zones. As a result, the order of magnitude of corrosion current density is not correct; it is underestimated. A second aspect of the paper is the relationship between corrosion current density and the prediction of service life in RC structure when including a part of the propagation phase. The consequences of the corrosion current density on mechanical properties such as corrosion-induced cracking or load-bearing capacity must consider that anodic areas grow both laterally and in-depth.

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Section: Corrosion Current Densities For Corrosion Induced By Chlorid...mentioning

confidence: 79%

A discussion on the order of magnitude of corrosion current density in reinforcements of concrete structures and its link with cross-section loss of reinforcement

François¹

2022

RILEM Tech Lett

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“…This issue is particularly serious in some developed countries, where RC infrastructure components have been in use for decades [5,6]. Reinforcing steel corrosion may create cracks in the surrounding concrete owing to the expansion pressure generated during the production of corrosion products, in addition to the loss of effective cross-sectional area of the reinforcing steel [7,8]. The concrete cover may potentially spall as a result of the expansion pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimized Neuro-Bee Algorithm Approach to Predict the FRP-Concrete Bond Strength of RC Beams

et al. 2022

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Over the world, there is growing worry about the corrosion of reinforced concrete structures. Structure repair, rehabilitation, replacement, and new structures all require cost-effective and long-lasting technologies. Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) has been widely employed in both retrofitting existing structures and building new ones. Due to its varied qualities in reinforced concrete and masonry constructions as a repair composite material, FRP have seen a rise in use over the last decade. This material have several advantages such as high stiffness-to-weight and strength-to-weight ratios, light weight, possibly high longevity, and relative ease of usage in the field. Among all the parameters the bond between concrete and FRP composite play an important role in the strengthening of structures. However, the bond behaviour of the FRP-concrete interface is complex, with several failure modes, making the bond strength difficult to forecast, resulting in the FRP strengthened concrete structure. To overcome such kind of issues machine learning models are sufficient to forecast the bond strength of FRP-concrete. In this article Artificial Neural Network (ANN), optimized Artificial Bee Colony (ABC)-ANN and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) algorithms are deployed to predict the bond strength. The R-value of ABC-ANN and GPR models are 0.9514 and 0.9618 respectively. This research aids researchers in estimating bond strength in less time, at a lower cost, and with less experimental work.INDEX TERMS ABC-ANN, ANN, Bond strength, FRP-concrete bond, FRP, Machine leaning.

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“…For instance, corrosion products resulting from naturally occurring corrosion are not uniformly distributed around the steel bar circumference, but are more prominent in locations that are exposed to more severe conditions (e.g., direction of carbonation front and gradient of ingress of chlorides) (Zhao et al, 2011). Furthermore, corrosion products forming in the vicinity of the steel-concrete interface are found to migrate into pores and cracks (Wong et al, 2010;Michel et al, 2014;Robuschi et al, 2021), which affects the build up of pressure and is often considered in modelling approaches (Liu and Weyers, 1998;Chernin et al, 2010). In addition, compaction of corrosion products has been investigated experimentally in Ouglova et al (2006) and incorporated in several modelling approaches (Lundgren, 2005;Balafas and Burgoyne, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Creep on Corrosion-Induced Cracking

Ismail¹,

Havlásek²,

Jirásek³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Corrosion-induced cracking is the most widely encountered and studied long-term deterioration process in reinforced concrete. Naturally occurring corrosion rates are so low that rust accumulates often over tens of years near the surface of the reinforcement bars before sufficient pressure in the surrounding concrete is generated to induce cracking in the concrete cover. To speed up the process in laboratory tests, corrosion setups with impressed currents have been developed in which the corrosion rate is controlled to be so high that cracking of the concrete cover occurs within a few days. Extrapolating the results of these accelerated tests to those of naturally occurring corrosion requires an understanding of the influence of long-term creep deformations of concrete on the corrosion-induced cracking process. In mathematical models in the literature, creep deformations are often ignored for accelerated but considered for natural corrosion rates in the form of an effective modulus.In this work, three numerical models of increasing complexity are proposed with the aim to investigate the effect of creep on corrosion-induced cracking. The simplest approach is based on an uncracked axis-symmetric thick-walled cylinder combined with a plastic limit on the radial pressure-induced by the accumulation of rust. The model with intermediate complexity comprises a thick-walled cylinder model divided into an inner cracked and an outer uncracked layer. The most comprehensive model consists of a thick-walled cylinder discretised by a three-dimensional lattice approach. Basic creep is predicted in all three approaches by means of the B3 model developed by Bažant and co-workers. Time dependence of strength of concrete is modelled using fib Model Code expressions. It is shown that for the comprehensive lattice model, creep has limited influence on critical corrosion penetration, which indicates that the dependence of the critical corrosion penetration on corrosion rate must have other sources.

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A closer look at corrosion of steel reinforcement bars in concrete using 3D neutron and X-ray computed tomography

Cited by 51 publications

References 43 publications

A discussion on the order of magnitude of corrosion current density in reinforcements of concrete structures and its link with cross-section loss of reinforcement

A discussion on the order of magnitude of corrosion current density in reinforcements of concrete structures and its link with cross-section loss of reinforcement

An Optimized Neuro-Bee Algorithm Approach to Predict the FRP-Concrete Bond Strength of RC Beams

Effect of Creep on Corrosion-Induced Cracking

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