A Clinicopathological Study of Autologous Fat Injection Laryngoplasty

Shirouzu, Hidetaka

doi:10.5426/larynx1989.18.2_112

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Among examined species characteristics of butter ies, only grassland-speci c species (Shirouzu, 2006) (ΔAIC = 1.13, p = 0.08, likelihood ratio test) tended to have high regression coe cients in the LM for the number of individual butter ies in each species relative to the area of old grasslands (Fig. 7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to examine what species characteristics affect preferences of butter y species for large old grasslands, we constructed a linear model to explain regression of coe cients of the aforementioned linear model for the number of butter ies of each species as the objective variable and the area of old grassland as the explanatory variable, by three indicator species of butter y: grassland-dependence (1 for dependent and 0 for not), univoltinism (1 for univoltine and 0 for not), and rarity (1 for those on the Red List if threatened in any Japanese prefecture and 0 for not). Grassland-dependence and univoltinism were de ned as in Shirouzu (2006). Constructed models were evaluated based on AIC and likelihood-ratio test.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Habitat preferences of butter y species examined by linear regression or indicator species analysis (IndVal), shown in "Detection method" columns, compared with that by host plants of each butter y species based on IndVal inInoue et al (2021b). Host plants of each butter y species were taken fromShirouzu (2006). All butter y species that showed a preference for large old grassland based on IndVal (Table2) or linear regression (Table3) are shown.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of temporal and spatial continuity of grasslands on butterfly communities

Inoue

Kenta

2023

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Semi-natural grasslands have high biodiversity, but they are declining worldwide, and desperately need to be prioritized for conservation. Recently, numerous papers have concluded that vegetation history may influence biodiversity. We targeted three vegetation types in ski-run grasslands in central Japan: "old grasslands" that have been in existence for 300 to several thousand years, "new grasslands" that have been deforested for 43 to 72 years, and forests adjacent to those ski-runs. We established transects at six to seven sites for each vegetation type and surveyed butterfly communities visually. Plant communities were also surveyed along the same transects. Species composition, numbers of species, and total abundance of butterflies did not vary with grassland age; however, the area of old grasslands within 100 m of transects affected species composition. Minois dryas (Nymphalidae) and Eurema mandarina (Pieridae) were identified as indicator species of large, old grasslands (>8000 m2 within 100 m), whereas no indicator species were detected at other sites. Abundances of Minois dryas, Brenthis daphne (Nymphalidae), and Curetis acuta (Lycaenidae) were greater where old grassland areas occurred within 100 m of observed sites. Sanguisorba officinalis (Rosaceae), the host plant of B. daphne, and Lespedeza bicolor, the main host plant of E. mandarina and C. acuta, was identified as an indicator of old grassland, explaining the dependence of these three butterfly species on old grasslands. Previous studies have also shown that M. sinensis, the main host plant of M. dryas, is an indicator for the entire grassland, suggesting that the butterfly's distribution was restricted to a narrower area than that of host plants. Our results suggest that large, old grasslands should have high conservation priority to maintain grassland butterfly diversity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of temporal and spatial continuity of grasslands on butterfly communities

Inoue

Kenta

2023

Preprint

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“…GLMM showed that the number of butterfly individuals (a) was higher in sites with larger combined grassland areas; that the number of species (b) and grassland species (c) was not explained by any type of grassland area; and that the number of grassland rare species (d) was higher in sites with larger old grassland area. Those grassland areas were calculated from the centroid of each site within a radius of 100 m. Shirouzu (2006). All butterfly species that showed a preference for large old grassland based on INSPAN (Table 3) or linear regression (Table 4) are shown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of grassland duration on butterfly communities and its relevance to grassland area

INOUE,

KENTA

2024

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Semi-natural grasslands, renowned for their rich biodiversity, are experiencing global decline, necessitating urgent conservation prioritization. Recently, researches have established that the vegetation history significantly influences grassland biodiversity. This study focuses on three vegetation types in and around ski-run grasslands of central Japan: (i) ancient or old grasslands persisting for 300 to several millennia, (ii) new grasslands recently converted from forests 43 to 72 years ago, and adjacent forests serving as control vegetation type. We examined the effect of grassland duration, in relation to its spatial area, on butterfly communities. Transects of 5 × 20 m were established at six to seven sites for each vegetation type to survey butterfly communities. In 2017, plant communities were similarly surveyed along the same transects (Inoue, Yaida et al., 2021). Species composition, species count, and overall butterfly abundance were not affected by grassland duration. Nevertheless, the species composition was affected by the spatial area of old grasslands within a 100 m radius of each transect, with an increase in the number of rare grassland species in extensive old grasslands. Minois dryas and Eurema mandarina were identified as indicator species of extensive old grasslands (>8000 m2 within 100 m radius of each transect), whereas no indicator species were detected in the other grassland sites. The abundances of M. dryas, Brenthis daphne, Melitaea ambigua, Curetis acuta, and Zophoessa callipteris were greater in areas where the areas of old grasslands within 100 m of each transect were greater. The previous study at these sites have shown that Sanguisorba officinalis (Rosaceae), the host plant of B. daphne, and Lespedeza bicolor (Fabaceae), the main host plant of E. mandarina and C. acuta, are indicators of old grasslands, explaining the dependency of these three butterfly species on old grasslands. Our findings suggest that extensive old grasslands should be accorded high conservation priority to preserve diversity of grassland butterflies.

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“…To confirm the validity of the CNN-based similarity measurement, we first compared the level of SD in wing patterns calculated by the CNN (dorsal + ventral) with the description in a pictorial book [37] about the difficulty in distinguishing sexes (table 1), which should be the ground truth for the similarity between sexes for each species. In addition, we defined the rank of SD (RSD) from 1 to 4 based on the description (table 1), enabling the quantitative evaluation of the concordance between the ground truth and the SD calculated by the CNN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dorsoventral comparison of intraspecific polymorphisms in the butterfly wing pattern using a convolutional neural network

Amino,

Hirakasa,

Yago

et al. 2024

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Butterfly wing patterns exhibit notable differences between the dorsal and ventral surfaces, and morphological analyses of them have provided insights into the ecological and behavioural characteristics of wing colour patterns. Conventional methods for dorsoventral comparisons are constrained by the need for homologous patches or shared features between two surfaces, limiting their applicability across species. We used a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based analysis, which can compare images of the dorsal and ventral surfaces without focusing on homologous patches or features, to detect dorsoventral bias in intraspecific polymorphisms such as sexual dimorphism (SD) and female-limited mimetic polymorphism (FMP). Using specimen images of 29 butterfly species from the Yaeyama Islands, Japan, we first showed that the level of SD calculated by CNN-based analysis corresponded well with traditional assessments of SD, demonstrating the validity of the method. Dorsoventral biases were widely detected, particularly in SD, which tended to bias dorsally. This supports the conventional hypothesis that sexual selection acts more strongly on the dorsal surface. In contrast, the FMP analysis showed no significant bias. Our findings highlight CNN-based analysis as a versatile technique for dorsoventral comparisons, suggesting that broader species sampling could reveal general patterns of selection acting differentially on the two surfaces.

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A Clinicopathological Study of Autologous Fat Injection Laryngoplasty

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of temporal and spatial continuity of grasslands on butterfly communities

Effects of temporal and spatial continuity of grasslands on butterfly communities

Effects of grassland duration on butterfly communities and its relevance to grassland area

Dorsoventral comparison of intraspecific polymorphisms in the butterfly wing pattern using a convolutional neural network

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