A Clinical Trial of Antioxidant Vitamins to Prevent Colorectal Adenoma

Greenberg, E. Robert; Baron, John A.; Tosteson, Tor D.; Freeman, Daniel; Beck, Gerald J.; Bond, John H.; Colacchio, Thomas A.; Coller, John A.; Frankl, Harold D.; Haile, Robert W.; Mandel, Jack S.; Nierenberg, David W.; Rothstein, Richard I.; Snover, Dale C.; Stevens, Marguerite; Summers, Robert W.; Stolk, Rosalind U. van

doi:10.1056/nejm199407213310301

Cited by 676 publications

(249 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A recently published meta-analysis finds an RR= 0.80 (CI: 0.68, 0.93) for calcium supplement (33), which is close to the value estimated here, 0.79. Interventions with high wheat bran and/or low fat diet, beta-carotene or vitamin C and E had no effect at all on polyp recurrence (34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). The "weighted Table 1 shows the effect of other interventions: mixtures, complex dietary changes, or once only tested agents.…”

Section: Experimental Chemoprevention Of Intestinal Tumours In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

How good are rodent models of carcinogenesis in predicting efficacy in humans? A systematic review and meta-analysis of colon chemoprevention in rats, mice and men

Corpet

Pierre

2005

European Journal of Cancer

200

128

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To cite this version:Denis E Corpet, Fabrice Pierre. How good are rodent models of carcinogenesis in predicting efficacy in humans? A systematic review and meta-analysis of colon chemoprevention in rats, mice and men.. European Journal of Cancer, Elsevier, 2005, 41 (13), pp.1911-22. <10.1016/j.ejca.2005.06.006>. D.E. Corpet, F. Pierre / European Journal of Cancer 41 (2005) 1911-1922 AbstractTumours in rodent and human colon share many histological and genetic features. To know if rodent models of colon carcinogenesis are good predictors of chemopreventive efficacy in humans, we made a meta-analysis of aspirin, betacarotene, calcium, and wheat bran studies. Controlled intervention studies of adenoma recurrence in human volunteers were compared with chemoprevention studies of carcinogen-induced tumours in rats, and of polyps in Min (Apc(+/-)) mice: 6714 volunteers, 3911 rats and 458 mice were included in the meta-analyses. Difference between models was small since most global relative risks were between 0.76 and 1.00. A closer look showed that carcinogen-induced rat studies matched human trials for aspirin, calcium, carotene, and were compatible for wheat bran. Min mice results were compatible with human results for aspirin, but discordant for calcium and wheat bran (no carotene study). These few results suggest that rodent models roughly predict effect in humans, but the prediction is not accurate for all agents. Based on three cases only, the carcinogen-induced rat model seems better than the Min mouse model. However, rodent studies are useful to screen potential chemopreventive agents, and to study mechanisms of carcinogenesis and chemoprevention.

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Section: Experimental Chemoprevention Of Intestinal Tumours In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

How good are rodent models of carcinogenesis in predicting efficacy in humans? A systematic review and meta-analysis of colon chemoprevention in rats, mice and men

Corpet

Pierre

2005

European Journal of Cancer

200

128

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“…[39][40][41] The reason for the increase in lung cancers in smokers in these trials is not known but does highlight the fact that seemingly safe dietary substances administered in pharmacologic doses must be regarded as potentially toxic. Enthusiasm for β-carotene has also been tempered by the negative results of several other randomized trials for other types of cancer, including skin cancer, 42 colon polyps, 43 and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, 44 in which β-carotene had no effect. To date, β-carotene has not been tested in a large randomized trial using either changes in premalignant lesions or appearance of second aerodigestive malignancies as end points.…”

Section: Carotenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemoprevention of Head and Neck Cancer

Armstrong

Meyskens

2000

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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728Increasing emphasis has been placed on chemoprevention as understanding of the genetic and molecular events of carcinogenesis has evolved. More than 1000 compounds that inhibit cancer development in vitro or in animal models have been identified, and active research is under way to determine which of these agents will be both effective and nontoxic in human beings. Currently, 13-cis-retinoic acid is the most studied chemopreventive agent against head and neck cancers. Unfortunately, this vitamin A derivative has significant clinical toxicity, which limits its utility in a practice setting. The efficacy of the retinoids, however, has stimulated efforts to find other chemopreventive compounds that are both effective and nontoxic. This review discusses head and neck premalignancy, chemoprevention strategies, retinoids, and several other classes of chemopreventive agents with potential efficacy against head and neck premalignancy.

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“…Age-standardized incidence rates vary from [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] per 100 000 population in North America to 5-15 per 100 000 in the developing countries of Africa and Asia [6][7][8]. The disease is uncommon in Africa, Asia and South America, which might suggest a possible link with a diet rich in animal fat in developed nations [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal cancer: case-control study of sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric parameters in Riyadh

Almurshed¹

2009

East Mediterr Health J

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This case-control study compared sociodemographic variables, lifestyle and certain anthropometric parameters of 50 patients hospitalized with colorectal cancer with those of 50 ageand sex-matched controls at a referral hospital in Riyadh. Among cases, females were generally more affected by gastrointestinal symptoms and 4% of male patients had a family history of colorectal cancer. Unlike weight and height, body mass index did not differ between cases and controls, but poor knowledge of high-fibre diets was a significant factor. Regression analysis showed low education level, unemployment and not taking exercise regularly were significant risk factors for colorectal cancer. Better education and awareness of colorectal cancer screening is recommended.Cancer colorectal : une étude cas/témoins des paramètres sociodémographiques, relatifs au mode de vie et anthropométriques à Riyad RÉSUMÉ Cette étude cas/témoins a comparé les variables sociodémographiques, le mode de vie et certains paramètres anthropométriques de 50 malades hospitalisés pour un cancer colorectal, par rapport à 50 témoins appariés sur l'âge et le sexe dans un hôpital de recours de Riyad. Parmi les cas, les femmes étaient généralement plus concernées par les symptômes gastro-intestinaux et 4 % des hommes avaient des antécédents familiaux de cancer colorectal. Contrairement au poids et à la taille, l'indice de masse corporelle n'était pas différent entre les cas et les témoins, mais la méconnaissance des régimes riches en fibres était un facteur significatif. L'analyse de régression a montré que le faible niveau d'instruction, le chômage et le manque d'exercice régulier étaient des facteurs de risque significatifs du cancer colorectal. Il est recommandé de renforcer l'information et la prise de conscience à propos du dépistage du cancer colorectal.

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A Clinical Trial of Antioxidant Vitamins to Prevent Colorectal Adenoma

Cited by 676 publications

References 39 publications

How good are rodent models of carcinogenesis in predicting efficacy in humans? A systematic review and meta-analysis of colon chemoprevention in rats, mice and men

How good are rodent models of carcinogenesis in predicting efficacy in humans? A systematic review and meta-analysis of colon chemoprevention in rats, mice and men

Chemoprevention of Head and Neck Cancer

Colorectal cancer: case-control study of sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric parameters in Riyadh

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