A Clinical Evaluation of Blood Pressure through Non-Invasive Measurement Using the Oscillometric Procedure in Conscious Dogs.

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The oscillometric procedure was used to measure the heart rate as well as the systolic, mean, and diastolic blood pressures of 152 dogs (102 in the control group, 13 in the group with renal disease, 37 in the group with heart disease) who were brought to Azabu University of Veterinary Teaching Hospital. It was demonstrated that the blood pressure and heart rate of the control group lowered and tended to become stable as the number of measurements increased. No appreciable difference was identified in the measurements of either blood pressure or heart rate in the forelimbs and tail head. With regard to gender, males showed a significantly higher value than females (p<0.05). No interaction was identified between age and blood pressure. No difference was identified in the heart rate in all groups. In an investigation of blood pressure in all groups, the renal disease group showed significantly higher values (p<0.05) than either the control or the heart disease group in all values of systolic, mean and diastolic pressures. These results indicated that dogs with renal disease can manifest hypertension. -KEY WORDS: blood pressure, canine, hypertension.

Development of Hypertension and Effects of Benazepril Hydrochloride in a Canine Remnant Kidney Model of Chronic Renal Failure

“…We have also found hypertension in dogs and cats with chronic renal failure [29,30]. Renal hypertension occurs as a result of renal arterial occlusion, i.e.…”

“…Causes of secondary hypertension include renoparenchymal diseases, renovascular diseases, diabetes, Cushing syndrome, primary hyperaldosteronism, pheochromocytoma and hypothyroidism and, of those, renoparenchymal disease-associated hypertension is most common in humans [24]. The mechanism of renal hypertension is thought to involve renal insufficiency-associated body fluid retention, increases in cardiac output and peripheral vessel resistance, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system and suppression of the kallikrein-kinin-prostaglandin system [2,3,17].A link between chronic renal failure and hypertension has been suggested in dogs and cats [1,6,12,13,22,26,27,29,30,34,[36][37][38]. Activation of the RAA system and development of hypertension in association with renal failure have been reported in cats [20,30,41].…”

“…A link between chronic renal failure and hypertension has been suggested in dogs and cats [1,6,12,13,22,26,27,29,30,34,[36][37][38]. Activation of the RAA system and development of hypertension in association with renal failure have been reported in cats [20,30,41].…”

Indirect Measurement of Systemic Blood Pressure in Conscious Dogs in a Clinical Setting

“…The direct method has been considered the gold standard for clinical measurement of systemic blood pressure in veterinary medicine [3,6,19], but the pain it causes prevents its use in the clinical setting. Indirect methods, such as Doppler sphygmomanometry and oscillometry, have been evaluated in small animals over the last decade [2,5,7,9,11,12,20,21]. The accuracy of indirect methods is still controversial [3][4][5][6][7]10].…”

Estudo da pressão arterial pelo método indireto oscilométrico (petmap®) em cães domésticos não anestesiados

“…Clinicamente, os métodos não invasivos são considerados mais apropriados por serem simples, causarem menos estresse ao paciente (Mishina et al, 1997), além de minimizarem a isquemia, a trombose e a embolia, que podem surgir devido à cateterização arterial do método direto (Rabelo e Melo, 2002), a hemorragias, assim como a infecções secundárias (Mishina et al, 1997).…”