A clinic-based study of refractive errors, strabismus, and amblyopia in pediatric age-group

Al-Tamimi, Elham R.; Shakeel, Ayisha; Yassin, Sanaa A.; Ali, Syed Irfan; Khan, Ezzat

doi:10.4103/2230-8229.163031

Cited by 48 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In this study, RE was found in 26.5% of the children. This frequency is higher than that in some studies conducted in KSA, 10 , 11 but less than that in some other studies also conducted in KSAs. 12 The reported prevalence of RE in different parts of the world show a variation from 7.0% to 19.8%, as shown in Table 3 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…This is in contrast to previous studies in Al Hassa and Riyadh, KSA, where the errors were more prevalent in females than in males. 10 , 11 This study aimed to determine the types of childhood eye diseases in a Jazan and discuss the best ways to prevent it or prevent their effect on the vision of our children, as the institutions are working toward the longevity and welfare of the residents and healthcare is one of the important aspects in such a field.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Refractive errors (REs) (44.4%), strabismus (38%), and amblyopia (9.1%) were the leading causes of childhood eye morbidity reported in a Private Hospital in Dammam, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). 11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Common Eye Diseases in Children in Saudi Arabia (Jazan)

et al. 2016

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BACKGROUNDThe rise in childhood eye diseases has become a matter of concern in Saudi Arabia, and hence a study has been conducted on the residents of Jazan. The aim of the research was to find out the root cause of such issues and provide a solution to prevent such circumstances for it may affect the vision of children. In this study, therefore, we aimed to determine the types of childhood eye diseases in Jazan and to discuss the best ways to prevent them or prevent their effect on the vision of our children. Our institutions are working toward the longevity and welfare of the residents, and healthcare is one of the important aspects in such a field.METHODSThis is a retrospective review of all patients less than 18 years of age who presented to the pediatric ophthalmology clinic of Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan, between October 2014 and October 2015. The data, collected on 385 cases, included the age at first presentation, sex, clinical diagnosis, refractive error (RE) if present, and whether the child had amblyopia. If the child did not undergo complete ophthalmic examination with cycloplegic refraction, he/she was excluded. All data were collected and analyzed using the software SPSS. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTSWe reviewed the files of 385 children, with a male/female ratio of 1.1:1.0. The group aged 0–6 years made up the largest group (P = 0.01), and the ratio is an expression to define the credibility of the study using a chi-squared test. Strabismus (36.9%), RE (26.5%), ocular trauma (7.5%), infection of cornea and conjunctiva (7.3%), and keratoconus (6.2%) were the most common conditions. There was no significant difference in presentation by age group and sex among children with REs and squint. Trauma was seen more commonly among males and in the group aged 12–18 years.CONCLUSIONIn this retrospective study, the focus was on the common childhood eye diseases that were considerably high. Hypermetropia was the predominant RE, which is in contrast to other studies where myopia was more common. However, it is important to promote public education on the significance of early detection of strabismus, REs, and amblyopia and have periodic screening in schools. The discussion of the various issues is aimed at increasing the awareness and building a support for the cause by creating the knowledge base to treat things on time and acknowledging the severity of the issues.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Common Eye Diseases in Children in Saudi Arabia (Jazan)

et al. 2016

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“…A study conducted in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia emphasized the importance of public education and the early detection and management of strabismus to improve the educational opportunities and quality of life of these patients [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and Attitude Toward Strabismus in Western Province, Saudi Arabia

Khojah

Alghamdi

Alaydarous

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Background Strabismus is a common eye condition having a potential subsequent impact on the psychological and socioeconomic domains of individuals suffering from strabismus. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the level of knowledge and treatability of strabismus in the western province of Saudi Arabia. Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 among people who live in the western region of Saudi Arabia and were age 16 and above by using an online self-administered questionnaire. Results Out of 589 participants, 52.8% reported the correct definition of strabismus. The majority of responders agreed that strabismus is treatable (71.5%). In addition, a statically significant relation was found between knowledge of strabismus treatability and age, gender, work state, and level of education. Most participants were aware of the risk factors and complications of strabismus. Conclusion Our study found that the majority of participants had good knowledge of the definition, treatment, and complications of untreated strabismus. Participant's age, education level, work state, and income were the main factors found to be significantly associated with knowledge of strabismus treatment options.

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“…[7] However, in 2015, strabismus prevalence was much higher (38%) among clinic-attending children in Dammam. [8] Heterotropia is a clearly manifested strabismus form. The ocular deviation can be upward (hypertropia), downward (hypotropia), inward (esotropia), or outward (exotropia).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness, Perceptions and Knowledge of Strabismus among Pediatrics and Ophthalmology Clinics Attendees in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah

Bukhari¹,

Alhibshi²,

Alzahrani³

et al. 2018

AIMDR

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Background: To assess the knowledge, awareness, and perception about strabismus and related disease dimensions among the parents and companions of children attending the pediatrics and ophthalmology clinic. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out between 01 January and 31 July 2017 including the companions of children having strabismus who attended the Pediatrics and Ophthalmology clinics. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed to collect data. Results: The study included 474 companions of children (69.8% females). Knowledge about strabismus definition was correctly identified in 61.1%-74.6% of the participants. Heredity was the most frequently identified etiology (68.9%), followed by trauma (61.3%). Regarding treatment options, 63.6%, 60.6% and 47.8% of the participants correctly identified glasses, surgery and eye muscle exercise as possible options to treat strabismus, respectively. Most frequent knowledge sources were relatives and friends (69.8%) and the internet and social media (56.3%). Parents' role was highly appreciated as perceived by the participants, particularly for early detection (93.4%), diagnosis (92.0%), compliance with treatment (94.7%) and follow-up (92.4%). Both genders showed moderate knowledge about strabismus with a significantly higher level of knowledge in female participants (P=0.001). The Educational level had no impact on such parameter. Conclusion: There is high awareness level about different strabismus dimensions but with several misconceptions related to its psychosocial and economic consequences, a matter which could impact parent's vigilance and involvement in the therapeutic and preventive programs. It is necessary to target information messages and awareness programs in a comprehensive manner to all populations without an educational-based discrimination.

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A clinic-based study of refractive errors, strabismus, and amblyopia in pediatric age-group

Cited by 48 publications

References 17 publications

Common Eye Diseases in Children in Saudi Arabia (Jazan)

Common Eye Diseases in Children in Saudi Arabia (Jazan)

Knowledge and Attitude Toward Strabismus in Western Province, Saudi Arabia

Awareness, Perceptions and Knowledge of Strabismus among Pediatrics and Ophthalmology Clinics Attendees in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah

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