A class I histone deacetylase is implicated in the encystation of Entamoeba invadens

Lozano-Amado, Daniela; Ávila-López, Pedro A; Hernández-Montes, Georgina; Briseño-Díaz, Paola; Vargas, Miguel; Lopez-Rubio, José-Juan; Carrero, Julio César; Hernández‐Rivas, Rosaura

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.05.014

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Entamoeba invadens , a parasitic reptile used as a model system for studying development, has two class I HDACs that are homologous to human HDAC3. Among these HDAC3s, HDAC3-2 has the potential to play a role in the encystation by regulating gene expression involved in cyst wall formation ( Lozano-Amado et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Current Knowledge Of the Epigenetic Mechanisms Characterized...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Histone acetylation is involved in Entamoeba parasite physiology as demonstrated by studies using trichostatin A (TSA), a powerful inhibitor of HDAC class I and II ( Yoshida et al, 1990 ). TSA causes hyperacetylation of histones H4, inhibits encystation of E. invadens and downregulated the expression of enzymes involved in the formation of the cyst wall which suggest that encystation is control by the level of histone H4 acetylation ( Lozano-Amado et al, 2020 ). On the other hand, TSA induces the expression of cyst wall-synthesis proteins like chitin synthase or the encystation-specific glycoprotein Jacob ( Ehrenkaufer et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Current Knowledge Of the Epigenetic Mechanisms Characterized...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are Metabolites From the Gut Microbiota Capable of Regulating Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica?

Sarid

Ankri

2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The unicellular parasite Entamoeba histolytica inhabits the human gut. It has to adapt to a complex environment that consists of the host microbiota, nutritional stress, oxidative stress, and nitrosative stress. Adaptation to this complex environment is vital for the survival of this parasite. Studies have shown that the host microbiota shapes virulence and stress adaptation in E. histolytica. Increasing evidence suggests that metabolites from the microbiota mediate communication between the parasite and microbiota. In this review, we discuss the bacterial metabolites that regulate epigenetic processes in E. histolytica and the implications that this knowledge may have for the development of new anti-amebic strategies.

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Section: Current Knowledge Of the Epigenetic Mechanisms Characterized...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current Knowledge Of the Epigenetic Mechanisms Characterized...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Metabolites From the Gut Microbiota Capable of Regulating Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica?

Sarid

Ankri

2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…CircRNAs were identified based on backspliced RO reads as described previously [ 34 ] ( Figure S1 depicts the workflow used here). To identify the circRNAs in E. histolytica and E. invadens , available RNAseq libraries [ 35 , 36 ] were mined using the CIRI-full package. Respectively, six E. histolytica (run access codes ERR058005–ERR058007 for the virulent HM1:IMSS strain and ERR058008–ERR058010 for the avirulent Rahman strain) and four E. invadens (run access codes GSM4108195–GSM4108198) libraries were used, and the access codes for the reference genomes were GCF_000208925 and GCA_000330505.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs as Potential Virulence-Related miRNA/siRNA Sponges from Entamoeba histolytica and Encystment-Related circRNAs from Entamoeba invadens

López-Luis

Padrón-Manrique

García-Lerena

et al. 2022

ncRNA

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Ubiquitous eukaryotic non-coding circular RNAs regulate transcription and translation. We have reported full-length intronic circular RNAs (flicRNAs) in Entamoeba histolytica with esterified 3′ss and 5′ss. Their 5′ss GU-rich elements are essential for their biogenesis and their suggested role in transcription regulation. Here, we explored whether exonic, exonic-intronic, and intergenic circular RNAs are also part of the E. histolytica and E. invadens ncRNA RNAome and investigated their possible functions. Available RNA-Seq libraries were analyzed with the CIRI-full software in search of circular exonic RNAs (circRNAs). The robustness of the analyses was validated using synthetic decoy sequences with bona fide back splice junctions. Differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs, between the virulent HM1:IMSS and the nonvirulent Rahman E. histolytica strains, were identified, and their miRNA sponging potential was analyzed using the intaRNA software. Respectively, 188 and 605 reverse overlapped circRNAs from E. invadens and E. histolytica were identified. The sequence composition of the circRNAs was mostly exonic although different to human circRNAs in other attributes. 416 circRNAs from E. histolytica were virulent-specific and 267 were nonvirulent-specific. Out of the common circRNAs, 32 were DE between strains. Finally, we predicted that 8 of the DE circRNAs could function as sponges of the bioinformatically reported miRNAs in E. histolytica, whose functions are still unknown. Our results extend the E. histolytica RNAome and allow us to devise a hypothesis to test circRNAs/miRNAs/siRNAs interactions in determining the virulent/nonvirulent phenotypes and to explore other regulatory mechanisms during amoebic encystment.

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“…Profiling gene transcription in Entamoeba species (both E. histolytica and E. invadens ) determined the role of at least three transcription factors involved in encystation: Myb [ 27 ], ERM-BP [ 28 ], and NF-YC [ 29 , 30 ], these factors have temporary sequential activities according to the cyst stage. Epigenetic modifications also control encystation since treatment of trophozoites with histone acetylation modifiers lead to the downregulation of expression for genes implicated in the synthesis of chitin, cyst wall proteins, polyamines, or gamma-aminobutyric acid pathways [ 31 ]. The data suggest that the genetic regulations and entire signalling pathways activating gene transcription necessary for Entamoeba encystation are far from completely identified.…”

Section: Formation Of Cysts In Entamoebamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and virulence of Entamoeba histolytica , the agent of amoebiasis

Guillén

2023

Virulence

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The amoeba parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of human amebiasis, an enteropathic disease affecting millions of people worldwide. This ancient protozoan is an elementary example of how parasites evolve with humans, e.g. taking advantage of multiple mechanisms to evade immune responses, interacting with microbiota for nutritional and protective needs, utilizing host resources for growth, division, and encystation. These skills of E. histolytica perpetuate the species and incidence of infection. However, in 10% of infected cases, the parasite turns into a pathogen; the host-parasite equilibrium is then disorganized, and the simple lifecycle based on two cell forms, trophozoites and cysts, becomes unbalanced. Trophozoites acquire a virulent phenotype which, when non-controlled, leads to intestinal invasion with the onset of amoebiasis symptoms. Virulent E. histolytica must cross mucus, epithelium, connective tissue and possibly blood. This highly mobile parasite faces various stresses and a powerful host immune response, with oxidative stress being a challenge for its survival. New emerging research avenues and omics technologies target gene regulation to determine human or parasitic factors activated upon infection, their role in virulence activation, and in pathogenesis; this research bears in mind that E. histolytica is a resident of the complex intestinal ecosystem. The goal is to eradicate amoebiasis from the planet, but the parasitic life of E. histolytica is ancient and complex and will likely continue to evolve with humans. Advances in these topics are summarized here.

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A class I histone deacetylase is implicated in the encystation of Entamoeba invadens

Cited by 5 publications

References 50 publications

Are Metabolites From the Gut Microbiota Capable of Regulating Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica?

Are Metabolites From the Gut Microbiota Capable of Regulating Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Human Parasite Entamoeba histolytica?

In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs as Potential Virulence-Related miRNA/siRNA Sponges from Entamoeba histolytica and Encystment-Related circRNAs from Entamoeba invadens

Pathogenicity and virulence of Entamoeba histolytica , the agent of amoebiasis

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