A cholinergic contribution to the circulatory responses evoked at the onset of handgrip exercise in humans

Vianna, Lauro C.; Fadel, Paul J.; Secher, Niels H.; Fisher, James

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00236.2014

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Cholinergic vasodilatation may also contribute to changes in vascular resistance at the onset of isometric handgrip exercise because cholinergic blockade (glycopyrrolate) reduced the fall in vascular resistance (Vianna et al . ). Intravenous atropine also attenuates the increase in blood pressure, brachial blood flow and brachial vascular conductance in the exercising forelimb during voluntary isometric exercise in the conscious cat (Komine et al .…”

Section: Physiological Significancementioning

confidence: 97%

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Acetylcholine released by endothelial cells facilitates flow‐mediated dilatation

Wilson

Lee

McCarron

2016

The Journal of Physiology

100

124

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Key points The endothelium plays a pivotal role in the vascular response to chemical and mechanical stimuli.The endothelium is exquisitely sensitive to ACh, although the physiological significance of ACh‐induced activation of the endothelium is unknown.In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms of flow‐mediated endothelial calcium signalling.Our data establish that flow‐mediated endothelial calcium responses arise from the autocrine action of non‐neuronal ACh released by the endothelium. AbstractCirculating blood generates frictional forces (shear stress) on the walls of blood vessels. These frictional forces critically regulate vascular function. The endothelium senses these frictional forces and, in response, releases various vasodilators that relax smooth muscle cells in a process termed flow‐mediated dilatation. Although some elements of the signalling mechanisms have been identified, precisely how flow is sensed and transduced to cause the release of relaxing factors is poorly understood. By imaging signalling in large areas of the endothelium of intact arteries, we show that the endothelium responds to flow by releasing ACh. Once liberated, ACh acts to trigger calcium release from the internal store in endothelial cells, nitric oxide production and artery relaxation. Flow‐activated release of ACh from the endothelium is non‐vesicular and occurs via organic cation transporters. ACh is generated following mitochondrial production of acetylCoA. Thus, we show ACh is an autocrine signalling molecule released from endothelial cells, and identify a new role for the classical neurotransmitter in endothelial mechanotransduction.

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Section: Physiological Significancementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Indeed, a local cholinergic component is evident at the onset of isometric handgrip but not dynamic (cycling) exercise (Vianna et al . ). Interestingly, blood pyruvate measurably increases during and/or after moderate exercise (Yanof, ; Ahlborg & Felig, ; Lundgren et al .…”

Section: Physiological Significancementioning

confidence: 97%

Acetylcholine released by endothelial cells facilitates flow‐mediated dilatation

Wilson

Lee

McCarron

2016

The Journal of Physiology

100

124

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“…This topic was recently revisited by Vianna et al. (). The authors demonstrated that the initial circulatory responses to exercise are cholinergically mediated, because muscarinic blockade with glycopyrrolate abolished the initial reduction in TPR, augmenting the pressor response at the onset of IHG exercise in healthy young subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Later on, Folkow, Haeger, and Uvnas () showed that the vasodilatation induced by sympathetic nerve stimulation in cats (after reserpine administration) was abolished after atropine infusion. In humans, the cholinergic mechanism involved in the initial circulatory responses to exercise has been demonstrated recently (Vianna et al., ). Specifically, the cholinergic blockade abolished the initial reduction in TPR, augmenting the pressor response at the onset of IHG exercise in healthy young subjects, highlighting an underappreciated influence of cholinergic vasodilatation on BP and TPR responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The skeletal muscle pump (Sheriff, Rowell, & Scher, ), which facilitates venous return, can enhance cardiopulmonary afferent activation, leading to withdrawal of sympathetic vasoconstrictor activity and the release of vasodilator substances from contracting skeletal muscles. Additionally, the cholinergic contribution to BP and TPR adjustments at the onset of exercise has also been characterized (Matsukawa, Ishii, Liang, & Endo, ; Sanders, Mark, & Ferguson, ; Vianna, Fadel, Secher, & Fisher, ). This sympathetic cholinergic vasodilatation was first described in animals (Bulbring & Burn, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circulatory responses at the onset of handgrip exercise in patients with Parkinson's disease

Sabino‐Carvalho

Samora

Teixeira

et al. 2019

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings What is the central question of this study?The initial circulatory response to isometric exercise in young healthy subjects is thought to be cholinergically mediated. Do patients with Parkinson's disease, a specific population known to present cholinergic dysfunction, present impairment in these initial circulatory responses? What is the main finding and its importance?The initial reduction in total peripheral resistance was absent in patients with Parkinson's disease and in older subjects, which augmented the pressor response at the onset of isometric handgrip exercise. Given that cholinergic mechanisms play an important role in the circulatory responses at the onset of isometric exercise in humans, our data suggest that cholinergic mechanisms might be compromised with ageing. Abstract Physical exercise has been used as coping strategy for Parkinson's disease (PD). Thus, a better understanding of circulatory responses to exercise in this population is warranted. During the onset of isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise there is an increase in blood pressure (BP) and a reduction in the total peripheral resistance (TPR) in young subjects. This immediate reduction of TPR is thought to be mediated by a cholinergic mechanism. Given that PD also affects cholinergic neurons, we hypothesized that patients with PD would present blunted circulatory responses at the onset of IHG exercise. Mean BP, stroke volume, heart rate, cardiac output and TPR were measured during performance of 20 s of IHG at 40% maximal voluntary contraction in 12 patients with PD (66 ± 2 years old, 171 ± 7 cm, 74 ± 7 kg), 11 older subjects (65 ± 9 years old, 171 ± 7 cm, 74 ± 10 kg) and 10 young subjects (21 ± 1 years old, 178 ± 6 cm, 79 ± 9 kg). Isometric handgrip elicited an augmented BP increase in patients with PD and older subjects at 10 and 20 s compared with young subjects. However, the BP augmentation was lower at 20 s in patients with PD. The IHG‐induced reduction in TPR was attenuated in patients with PD and older subjects compared with young subjects. Our results show that the circulatory responses at the onset of IHG are impaired in patients with PD and older subjects. Overall, these findings suggest that the cholinergic mechanism might be compromised with ageing.

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A gripping topic: using integrated signal and individual action potential muscle sympathetic nerve analysis to understand mechanisms of blood pressure regulation during exercise in women with PTSD

Cook

Sabino‐Carvalho

2022

Clin Auton Res

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A cholinergic contribution to the circulatory responses evoked at the onset of handgrip exercise in humans

Abstract: Vianna LC, Fadel PJ, Secher NH, Fisher JP. A cholinergic contribution to the circulatory responses evoked at the onset of handgrip exercise in humans.

Cited by 13 publications

References 49 publications

Acetylcholine released by endothelial cells facilitates flow‐mediated dilatation

Acetylcholine released by endothelial cells facilitates flow‐mediated dilatation

Circulatory responses at the onset of handgrip exercise in patients with Parkinson's disease

A gripping topic: using integrated signal and individual action potential muscle sympathetic nerve analysis to understand mechanisms of blood pressure regulation during exercise in women with PTSD

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