A Chemical Study of the Sugar Composition of the Polysaccharide Portion of Lipopolysaccharides isolated from Vibrio cholerae Non-O1 from O2 to O155

Kondo, Seiichi; Kawamata, Y.; Sano, Yasuhiro; Iguchi, Takehiro; Hisatsune, Kazuhito

doi:10.1016/s0723-2020(97)80042-2

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Pictorial representation of the genes in the LPS/capsule polysaccharide regions of Vibrio cholerae serogroups O1, O37, O22, O139, O31, O5, O8, O108, O12, O14, O39, O135, and O141, as well as those of strains 623-39, TMA 21, and VL426. We selected three strains, CO545, CO845, and CO603B, from serogroups O5, O8, and O108, respectively, for analysis based on carbohydrate analysis, which suggested that these serogroups have at least two sugars, glycero-D-manno-heptose and glucose, in common in their LPS (28). The sequences of the other serogroups were taken from the literature for comparison, with the expectation that there would be identifiable subgroups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,4-Diacet-amido-2,4,6-trideoxyglucose (QuiNAc4NAc) has been reported in both O8 (26) and O5 serogroups (22). In addition, glycero-D-manno-heptose (O5, O8, and O108), glucose (O5 and O8), fructose (O5 and O8), glucosamine (O108), galactosamine (O108), and fucosamine (O108) had been reported in these serogroups (28). In both O139 and O31 serogroups, the wbf region encodes both O antigen and a high-molecularweight capsule (9,44).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic Diversity of O-Antigen Biosynthesis Regions in Vibrio cholerae

Aydanian

Tang

Morris

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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O-antigen biosynthetic (wbf) regions for Vibrio cholerae serogroups O5, O8, and O108 were isolated and sequenced. Sequences were compared to those of other published V. cholerae O-antigen regions. These wbf regions showed a high degree of heterogeneity both in gene content and in gene order. Genes identified frequently showed greater similarities to polysaccharide biosynthesis genes from species other than V. cholerae. Our results demonstrate the plasticity of O-antigen genes in V. cholerae, the diversity of the genetic pool from which they are drawn, and the likelihood that new pandemic serogroups will emerge.Cholera is a pandemic diarrheal disease that continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cholera is associated with a clonally related subset of Vibrio cholerae strains, which carry ctxAB (cholera toxin subunits A and B), the vibrio pathogenicity island (VPI), and other cholera-associated genes (15,40). Until 1992, only serogroup O1 (out of more than 206 serogroups currently described) was recognized as a cause of cholera. In 1992, a new, non-O1 V. cholerae strain (subsequently designated V. cholerae O139) appeared in India and rapidly spread across much of Asia (32). Extensive studies (5,12,31,41) demonstrated that the O139 strain was closely related to the O1 El Tor strains of the 7th pandemic, except that the genes responsible for O1-antigen biosynthesis were deleted and replaced with DNA that encodes the O139 antigen. Since the O antigen is the major protective epitope, its alteration was sufficient to allow O139 strains to move in epidemic form through populations previously immune to cholera caused by O1. Thus, adults were more commonly affected than children (1). Recent studies suggest that the pandemic cluster carries other serogroups as well, including O37, O27, O53, O65, and O75 (31, 40, 43). These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that pathogenic V. cholerae strains are able to easily acquire and/or exchange O-antigen genes, with the new O antigen allowing strains to evade preexisting immunity to cholera.Changes in O-antigen structure also may provide selective advantages in the environment. During epidemics, bacteriophage may play a crucial role in controlling the number of V. cholerae in the environment (19), and since the O-antigen may serve as bacteriophage receptors, serogroup conversion also may be beneficial for evading phage predation (33). It is well documented that mobile genetic elements, bacteriophage, and the competence of V. cholerae to take up and assimilate free DNA from the environment significantly contribute to genetic diversity in V. cholerae (18). Serogroup conversion was demonstrated while V. cholerae was growing on a chitin substrate (6). This transfer may have been facilitated by the JUMPstart sequence, which has nucleotide similarity to a DNA uptake signal that causes the preferential uptake of free DNA containing that sequence in the Pasteurellaceae and is present in front of a laterally transferred O-antigen region in V. chole...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of O-Antigen Biosynthesis Regions in Vibrio cholerae

Aydanian

Tang

Morris

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…2), which revealed clear correlation between H1 and C2. Chemical shifts for C5 (δ 69.3–69.6) in the 13 C‐NMR spectra of PS NH 4 OH and an α1→2‐linked d ‐Rha4NAc homopolymer from V. cholerae bio‐serogroup Hakata [19] (serogroup O140 [20]) were close and, hence, all Rha4NAc residues are α‐linked (C5 of β‐pyranosides is known to resonate in a lower field than C5 of α‐pyranosides [21]). The relatively low‐field position at δ 78.0–79.3 of the signals for C3 of Rha4NAc II and Rha4NAc V and C2 of three other Rha4NAc demonstrated the mode of substitution of the monosaccharides (compare the position at δ 69.0–70.6 of the signals for nonlinked C2 and C3 of Rha4NAc; Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… a,b Assignment could be interchanged. c Data from [ 19] for the O‐specific polysaccharide of V. cholerae bio‐serogroup Hakata (serogroup O140 [20]) are given in parentheses. The differences in the chemical shifts are due to the use of different references for calibration (dioxane in the published work [19] and acetone in this work). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A polysaccharide with the same structure as PS2 has been previously reported to be the O‐chain of the LPS of V. cholerae bio‐serogroup Hakata [19] (serogroup O140 [20]), whereas PS1 is new. Interestingly, a polysaccharide of α1→2‐linked and α1→3‐linked 4‐formamido‐4,6‐dideoxy‐ d ‐mannose ( N ‐formyl‐ d ‐perosamine) having a pentasaccharide repeating unit has been found in Brucella melitensis LPS [25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structures of two O‐chain polysaccharides of Citrobacter gillenii O9a,9b lipopolysaccharide

Lipiński

Zatonsky

Kocharova

et al. 2002

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Citro‐ bacter gillenii O9a,9b released a polysaccharide (PS), which was found to consist of a single monosaccharide, 4‐acetamido‐4,6‐dideoxy‐d‐mannose (d‐Rha4NAc, N‐acetyl‐d‐perosamine). PS was studied by methylation analysis␣and 1H‐NMR and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy, using two‐dimensional 1H,1H COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, and H‐detected 1H,13C heteronuclear correlation experiments. It was␣found that PS includes two structurally different polysaccharides: an α1→2‐linked homopolymer of N‐acetyl‐d‐perosamine [→2)‐α‐d‐Rhap4NAc‐(1→, PS2] and a␣polysaccharide composed of tetrasaccharide repeating units (PS1) with the␣following structure: →3)‐α‐d‐Rhap4NAc‐(1→2)‐α‐d‐Rhap4NAc‐(1→2)‐α‐d‐Rhap4NAc‐(1→3)‐α‐d‐Rhap4N Ac2Ac‐(1→ where the degree of O‐acetylation of a 3‐substituted Rha4NAc residue at position 2 is ≈ 70%.   PS could be fractionated into PS1 and PS2 by gel‐permeation chromatography on TSK HW‐50S. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization MS data indicate sequential chain elongation of both PS1 and PS2 by a single sugar unit, with O‐acetylation in PS1 beginning at a certain chain length. Anti‐(C. gillenii O9a,9b) serum reacted with PS1 in double immunodiffusion and immunoblotting, whereas neither PS2 nor the lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio cholerae O1 with a structurally related O‐chain polysaccharide were reactive.

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Non-serogroup O1/O139 agglutinable Vibrio cholerae: a phylogenetically and genealogically neglected yet emerging potential pathogen of clinical relevance

2022

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Somatic antigen agglutinable type-1/139 Vibrio cholerae (SAAT-1/139- Vc ) members or O1/O139 V. cholerae have been described by various investigators as pathogenic due to their increasing virulence potential and production of choleragen. Reported cholera outbreak cases around the world have been associated with these choleragenic V. cholerae with high case fatality affecting various human and animals. These virulent Vibrio members have shown genealogical and phylogenetic relationship with the avirulent somatic antigen non-agglutinable strains of 1/139 V. cholerae (SANAS-1/139- Vc ) or O1/O139 non-agglutinating V. cholerae (O1/O139-NAG- Vc ). Reports on implication of O1/O139-NAGVc members in most sporadic cholera/cholera-like cases of diarrhea, production of cholera toxin and transmission via consumption and/or contact with contaminated water/seafood are currently on the rise. Some reported sporadic cases of cholera outbreaks and observed change in nature has also been tracable to these non-agglutinable Vibrio members (O1/O139-NAGVc) yet there is a sustained paucity of research interest on the non-agglutinable V. cholerae members. The emergence of fulminating extraintestinal and systemic vibriosis is another aspect of SANAS-1/139- Vc implication which has received low attention in terms of research driven interest. This review addresses the need to appraise and continually expand research based studies on the somatic antigen non-serogroup agglutinable type-1/139 V. cholerae members which are currently prevalent in studies of water bodies, fruits/vegetables, foods and terrestrial environment. Our opinion is amassed from interest in integrated surveillance studies, management/control of cholera outbreaks as well as diarrhea and other disease-related cases both in the rural, suburban and urban metropolis.

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A Chemical Study of the Sugar Composition of the Polysaccharide Portion of Lipopolysaccharides isolated from Vibrio cholerae Non-O1 from O2 to O155

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Genetic Diversity of O-Antigen Biosynthesis Regions in Vibrio cholerae

Genetic Diversity of O-Antigen Biosynthesis Regions in Vibrio cholerae

Structures of two O‐chain polysaccharides of Citrobacter gillenii O9a,9b lipopolysaccharide

Non-serogroup O1/O139 agglutinable Vibrio cholerae: a phylogenetically and genealogically neglected yet emerging potential pathogen of clinical relevance

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