A Characteristic Parameter to Estimate the Optimum Counterweight Mass of a 4-Cylinder In-Line Engine

Stanley, Richard; Taraza, Dinu

doi:10.4271/2002-01-0486

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…The introduction of the counterweights produces a change in the reaction forces and in the loading diagram of each journal bearing. Therefore, once the counterweight configuration has been defined, it is of paramount importance to evaluate how this change may influence the design of the journal bearings themselves [10][11][12][13], an aspect which is, however, beyond the scope of the present work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A General Framework for Crankshaft Balancing and Counterweight Design

2021

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In the automotive field, the requirements in terms of carbon emissions and improved efficiency are shifting the focus of designers towards reduced engine size. As a result, the dynamic balancing of an engine with strict limitations on the number of cylinders, the weight and the available space becomes a challenging task. The present contribution aims at providing the designer with a tool capable of selecting fundamental parameters needed to correctly balance an internal combustion engine, including the masses and geometry of the elements to be added directly onto the crankshaft and onto the balancing shafts. The relevant elements that distinguish the tool from others already proposed are two. The first is the comprehensive matrix formulation which makes the tool fit for a wide variety of engine configurations. The second is an optimisation procedure that selects not only the position of the mass and centre of gravity of the counterweight but also its complete geometric configuration, thus instantaneously identifying the overall dimensions and weight of the crankshaft.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A General Framework for Crankshaft Balancing and Counterweight Design

2021

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Balance mechanism design of single cylinder engine based on continuous mass distribution of connecting rod

Yang

Zhou

Zheng

2009

Trans. Tianjin Univ.

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Abstract：For a single cylinder engine, the total unbalanced inertial forces occur in the engine block, which results in engine's vibration and deteriorated noise. In order to eliminate the unbalanced forces, counterweight and primary balance shaft should be attached to the cylinder block so that engine durability and ride comfortability may be further improved. Traditionally one third of connecting rod assembly's mass is treated as reciprocating mass, and two thirds as rotating mass when designing balance mechanism. In this paper, a new method based on the multibody dynamics simulation is introduced to separate the reciprocating mass and rotating mass of connecting rod assembly. The model consists of crankshaft, connecting rod, piston and the simulation is performed subsequently. According to the simulation results of the main bearing loads, the reciprocating mass and rotating mass are separated. Finally a new balance mechanism is designed and simulation results show that it completely balances inertial forces to improve the engine's noise vibration and harshness performance. Keywords：multibody dynamics；reciprocating inertial force；rotating inertial force；primary balance shaft Recently efforts to reduce engine vibration and radiated noise while improving durability and reliability have become increasingly important to engine design due to more stringent requirements for higher NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) performance, low weight and low cost [1 -4] . The noise and vibration in the engine are generated by the combustion pressures within the cylinders and the inertial forces due to the motions of the piston and crankshaft. Generally, the elastic vibration of the engine structure and the dynamic properties of the crankshaft deteriorate the vibration level and sound quality [ 1 , 5 -9 ] . Accordingly, these characteristics are important factors in the design of a low-noise engine.Suh's study on the balance of the three-cylinder engine and balshafts was to reduce the vibrations at the engine mounts [10] . Stanley's study focused on the influence of lowering the counterweight on bearing load, which demonstrated that the average bearing load increased with engine speed and the maximum bearing load initially decreased with engine speed, reached a minimum, and then increased quickly with engine speed [11] . Liu's study showed that it was necessary to apply equivalent ring-weights to each crankpin of the crankshaft when balancing it on a dynamic balancing machine, and the formulas for calculating the accurate ring weights were given [12] .In this paper, a 4-stroke single cylinder engine is modeled, and the separation of connecting rod's equivalent rotating mass and equivalent reciprocating mass is analytically studied by multibody dynamics. Then the crankshaft counterweight and primary balance shafts are designed.

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A Characteristic Parameter to Estimate the Optimum Counterweight Mass of Symmetric In-Line Engines

Stanley

Taraza

2004

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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Dimensionless relationships that estimate the maximum bearing load of two symmetric in-line engines have been developed. These relationships were empirically determined by averaging the maximum bearing loads of several engine configurations with various geometric and operating parameters. It has been found that the maximum bearing load initially decreases with engine speed, reaches a minimum, and then increases quickly with engine speed. This minimum reflects a transition speed at which the contribution of the inertia force overcomes the contribution of the maximum pressure force to the maximum bearing load. The transition speed increases with an increase of counterweight mass and is a function of the geometric parameters and operating conditions of the engine. Rapid estimation of the main bearing loads is made possible by the use of the dimensionless relationships developed in the paper.

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A Characteristic Parameter to Estimate the Optimum Counterweight Mass of a 4-Cylinder In-Line Engine

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

A General Framework for Crankshaft Balancing and Counterweight Design

A General Framework for Crankshaft Balancing and Counterweight Design

Balance mechanism design of single cylinder engine based on continuous mass distribution of connecting rod

A Characteristic Parameter to Estimate the Optimum Counterweight Mass of Symmetric In-Line Engines

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