A century of victimhood: Antecedents and current impacts of perceived suffering in World War I across Europe

Bouchat, Pierre; Licata, Laurent; Rosoux, Valérie; Allesch, Christian; Ammerer, Heinrich; Бовина, И Б; Bruckmüller, Susanne; Cabecinhas, Rosa; Chryssochoou, Xénia; Cohrs, J. Christopher; Csertő, István; Delouvée, Sylvain; Durante, Federica; Ernst‐Vintila, Andreea; Flaßbeck, Christine; Hilton, Denis; Kesteloot, Chantal; Kışlıoğlu, Reşit; Krenn, Alice; Macovei, Irina; Mari, Silvia; Petrović, Nebojša; Pólya, Tibor; Sá, Alberto; Sakki, Inari; Turjačanin, Vladimir; Ypersele, Laurence Van; Volpato, Chiara; Bilewicz, Michał; Klein, Olivier

doi:10.1002/ejsp.2327

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Five samples (total N = 808) were used throughout the four steps of this research: four student samples and one nonstudent sample. Sample 1 was collected between March and April 2014 as part of a larger cross-cultural study (for further details on the sampling and methodology, see [ 30 ]) in which university students participated by completing an online questionnaire in exchange for course credits. For the purposes of the present research, we analysed the answers of 302 participants from French-speaking Belgium and France, irrespective of their nationality.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are attitudes toward peace and war the two sides of the same coin? Evidence to the contrary from a French validation of the Attitudes Toward Peace and War Scale

et al. 2017

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Bizumic et al. (2013) have recently shown that attitudes towards peace and war reflect two distinct constructs rather than two poles of a single dimension. We present an attempt at validating the French version of their 16-item Attitudes toward Peace and War Scale (APWS) on five distinct (mainly Belgian) French-speaking samples (total N = 808). Confirmatory factor and criterion validity analyses confirmed that attitudes toward peace and war, although negatively related, are distinct in terms of their antecedents and consequences. On the one hand, antecedents of attitudes toward peace included egalitarian ideological beliefs and empathic concern for others, and consequences included intentions to engage in pro-peace behaviors. On the other hand, antecedents of attitudes toward war included national identification and authoritarian ideological beliefs, and consequences included intentions to engage in pro-war behaviors. Furthermore, both attitudes toward peace and war were, respectively, negatively and positively related to (a right-wing) political orientation. Unexpectedly however, attitudes toward war were positively related to nonegalitarian ideological beliefs and were not related to personal distress. Scores on the translated scale were unrelated to socially desirable responding. In terms of known-groups validity, men had, respectively, more and less positive attitudes toward war and peace than women. Finally, based on exploratory factor analyses, the inclusion of some items for the factorial structure of the measure is questioned and a shortened form of the measure is validated. Overall, these findings are in line with Bizumic et al. and suggest that attitudes toward peace and war also reflect two distinct constructs in a French-speaking population.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are attitudes toward peace and war the two sides of the same coin? Evidence to the contrary from a French validation of the Attitudes Toward Peace and War Scale

et al. 2017

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“…One such issue relates to the level of analysis. With a few exceptions (Bouchat et al, in press; Elcheroth, ; Penic, Elcheroth, & Morselli, in press; Penic et al, ; Rimé et al, ), the study of collective victimhood has mostly focused on individuals' experiences and perceptions of victimization, rather than on collective processes. This is surprising, given that collective victimhood is inherently collective in nature and shaped by societal factors.…”

Section: Collective Victimhood: Definition and Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, conflicting groups may dynamically pursue the same strategies (e.g., engaging in competition over their share of victimhood) to establish their collective victimhood (McNeill, Pehrson, & Stevenson, in press; Noor et al, ). Yet only few studies on collective victimhood explicitly acknowledge and examine the psychological consequences of the dynamics of these roles (see Bouchat et al, in press; Green et al, in press; Hornsey, Okimoto, & Wenzel, in press). One exception is a set of studies comparing the emotional needs and responses to harm in contexts where groups were only victims, only perpetrators, or held both roles (“duals”; SimanTov‐Nachlieli & Shnabel, ).…”

Section: Collective Victimhood: Definition and Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The social psychology of collective victimhood

Noor

Vollhardt

Mari

et al. 2017

Euro J Social Psych

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114

118

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Collective victimhood, which results from the experience of being targeted as members of a group, has powerful effects on individuals and groups. The focus of this Special Issue is on how people respond to collective victimhood and how these responses shape intergroup relations. We introduce the Special Issue with an overview of emerging social psychological research on collective victimhood. To date, this research has focused mostly on destructive versus positive consequences of collective victimhood for relations with an adversary group, and examined victim groups' needs, victim beliefs, and underlying social identity and categorization processes. We identify several neglected factors in this literature, some of which are addressed by the empirical contributions in the current issue. The Special Issue offers novel perspectives on collective victimhood, presenting findings based on a diverse range of methods with mostly community samples that have direct and vicarious experiences of collective harm in different countries.

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“…Collective historical trauma that occurred long before current generations were born has long-term effects on current policy preferences (Bouchat et al, 2017), and on intergroup relations between descendants of historical adversaries (Rimé et al, 2015). For members of groups that were victimized in the past, collective trauma is often experienced as an ongoing existential threat (Hirschberger, Ein-Dor, et al, 2016) in which the distinction between past traumas and present threats becomes blurred (Lifton, 2005).…”

Section: The Long-term Political Consequences Of Collective Historica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Making sense of the past to understand the present: Attributions for historical trauma predict contemporary social and political attitudes

Hirschberger

Kahn

Hanke

2021

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations

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Research indicates that the memory of collective trauma influences attitudes towards contemporary social and political issues. We suggest that the specific attributions for trauma that members of victim and perpetrator groups make provide a more nuanced understanding of this relationship. Thus, we constructed and validated a measure of attributions for the Holocaust. Then, we ran a preregistered study on representative samples in Germany ( N = 504) and Israel ( N = 469) to examine whether attributing the Holocaust to essentialist or contextual causes influences attitudes towards the immigration crisis and the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Results indicated that, among Germans, attributing the Holocaust to German character was associated with positive attitudes to immigration via collective guilt. Among Israelis, attributions to German character were associated with negative attitudes to non-Jewish immigration, a hawkish stance in the Palestinian–Israeli conflict, and pro-Israel attitudes via a sense of perpetual victimization. Results reveal how attributions about past trauma affect contemporary social and political attitudes among victims and perpetrators.

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A century of victimhood: Antecedents and current impacts of perceived suffering in World War I across Europe

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Are attitudes toward peace and war the two sides of the same coin? Evidence to the contrary from a French validation of the Attitudes Toward Peace and War Scale

Are attitudes toward peace and war the two sides of the same coin? Evidence to the contrary from a French validation of the Attitudes Toward Peace and War Scale

The social psychology of collective victimhood

Making sense of the past to understand the present: Attributions for historical trauma predict contemporary social and political attitudes

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