“…Key to this is that nanogroove surfaces may promote cellular polarization as well as promote aligned self-assembly of ECM components with motifs critical in cell adhesion such as fibronectin and vitronectin. Indeed, the elongated cellular morphology and alignment induced by grooved substrates may resemble the natural state of tissue resident cell populations in vivo, and studies indicate that most, if not all, cells, notably fibroblasts (Dalby et al, 2003;Garland et al, 2014), osteoblasts (Lenhert et al, 2005;Wu and Wang, 2013), neurons (Yim et al, 2007;Tonazzini et al, 2014), and MSCs (Dalby et al, 2006;McMurray et al, 2013), undergo significant morphological and functional responses to anisotropic topographies.…”