A case study: Mechanical modeling optimization of cellular structure fabricated using wood flour-filled polylactic acid composites with fused deposition modeling

Tao, Yubo; Pan, Ling; Liu, Dexi; Li, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.03.010

Cited by 47 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Compressive properties of FDM printed natural fibers reinforced thermoplastics were studied only in three articles, i.e., [24,55,75]. The range of average values of strength goes from 15 MPa for ABS based composites up to 30 MPa for those based on PLA.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For compressive properties the effect of a temperature increase seems to be beneficial, as there is an improvement by 15% in strength in going from 200 °C up to 230 °C. Tao et al [75] evaluated the influence of infill geometry using a commercial wood/PLA filament. This study compared the performance of different 3D printed cellular structures depending on the geometry of the cell cavities (circular, square and voronoi), indicating that square geometry is the most rigid, but the authors pointed out that square paths are inherently easier to print successfully.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FDM 3D Printing of Polymers Containing Natural Fillers: A Review of their Mechanical Properties

2019

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As biodegradable thermoplastics are more and more penetrating the market of filaments for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing, fillers in the form of natural fibers are convenient: They have the clear advantage of reducing cost, yet retaining the filament biodegradability characteristics. In plastics that are processed through standard techniques (e.g., extrusion or injection molding), natural fibers have a mild reinforcing function, improving stiffness and strength, it is thus interesting to evaluate whether the same holds true also in the case of FDM produced components. The results analyzed in this review show that the mechanical properties of the most common materials, i.e., acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and PLA, do not benefit from biofillers, while other less widely used polymers, such as the polyolefins, are found to become more performant. Much research has been devoted to studying the effect of additive formulation and processing parameters on the mechanical properties of biofilled 3D printed specimens. The results look promising due to the relevant number of articles published in this field in the last few years. This notwithstanding, not all aspects have been explored and more could potentially be obtained through modifications of the usual FDM techniques and the devices that have been used so far.

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Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

FDM 3D Printing of Polymers Containing Natural Fillers: A Review of their Mechanical Properties

2019

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“…Loads perpendicular to the X/Y/Z-axis were applied on top of elementary and composite models. The X/Y/Z-axis displacement of the top surface of the model under compression was calculated [17].…”

Section: Compression Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparing Figure 4c, b, the printed model was less resistant to compression in the Z-axis than the digital model. This might be the result of structural defects introduced by FDM printing technology in the printed model such as intralayer cavities [17], fiber debonding [20], and interlayer voids [21].…”

Section: Elementary Model Compression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Design and Fabrication Method for Wood-Inspired Composites by Micro X-Ray Computed Tomography and 3D Printing

Tao

2020

Applied Sciences

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Developments in 3D printing and CT scanning technologies have facilitated the imitation of natural wood structures. However, creating composites from the elementary features of anisotropic wood structures remains a new frontier. This paper aims to investigate the potential of constructing and 3D printing mechanically customizable composites by combining anisotropic elementary models reconstructed from the micro X-ray computed tomography (μ-CT) scanning of wood. In this study, an arbitrary region of interest selected from the μ-CT scanning of a sample of Manchurian walnut (Juglans mandshurica) was reconstructed into isosurfaces that constituted the 3D model of an elementary model. Elementary models were combined to form the wood-inspired composites in various arrangements. The surface and interior structures of the elementary model were found to be customizable through adjusting the image Threshold and Surface Quality Factors during 3D volume reconstruction. Compressional simulations and experiments performed on the elementary model (digital and 3D printed) revealed that its compressive behavior was wood-like and anisotropic. Numerical analysis established a preliminary link between the arrangements of elementary models and the compressive stiffness of respective composites, showing that it is possible to control the compressive behaviors of the composites through the design of specific elementary model arrangements.

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“…In fused deposition modelling (FDM), one of the versatile processes of additive manufacturing [1,2], the laying down of the polymeric material [3] occurs in a layer-by-layer basis according to complex toolpath trajectory [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printability and Tensile Performance of 3D Printed Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol Using Fused Deposition Modelling

2019

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Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) is a thermoplastic formed by polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and ethylene glycol and known for his high impact resistance and ductility. The printability of PETG for fused deposition modelling (FDM) is studied by monitoring the filament temperature using an infra-red camera. The microstructural arrangement of 3D printed PETG is analysed by means of X-ray micro-tomography and tensile performance is investigated in a wide range of printing temperatures from 210 °C to 255 °C. A finite element model is implemented based on 3D microstructure of the printed material to reveal the deformation mechanisms and the role of the microstructural defects on the mechanical performance. The results show that PETG can be printed within a limited range of printing temperatures. The results suggest a significant loss of the mechanical performance due to the FDM processing and particularly a substantial reduction of the elongation at break is observed. The loss of this property is explained by the inhomogeneous deformation of the PETG filament. X-ray micro-tomography results reveal a limited amount of process-induced porosity, which only extends through the sample thickness. The FE predictions point out the combination of local shearing and inhomogeneous stretching that are correlated to the filament arrangement within the plane of construction.

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A case study: Mechanical modeling optimization of cellular structure fabricated using wood flour-filled polylactic acid composites with fused deposition modeling

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

FDM 3D Printing of Polymers Containing Natural Fillers: A Review of their Mechanical Properties

FDM 3D Printing of Polymers Containing Natural Fillers: A Review of their Mechanical Properties

A Design and Fabrication Method for Wood-Inspired Composites by Micro X-Ray Computed Tomography and 3D Printing

Printability and Tensile Performance of 3D Printed Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol Using Fused Deposition Modelling

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