A Case of Thyroid Anaplastic Carcinoma Presenting Marked Neutrophilia and Eosinophilia due to Co-Production of GM-CSF, M-CSF and IL-6

Saitoh, Jun; Shirai, Katsuyukii; Musha, Atsushi; Mizukami, Tatsuji; Abe, Takanori; Nakano, Takashi

doi:10.15406/ijrrt.2017.03.00055

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…yroid malignancies have also been associated with paraneoplastic leukocytosis. Two cases of squamous cell carcinoma [7,8] and seventeen cases of anaplastic tumor have been reported [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Both cases of squamous cell carcinoma were related to marked leukocytosis and hypercalcemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Be(a)ware of Leukocytosis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Laskou

Sapalidis

Topalidis

et al. 2022

Case Reports in Endocrinology

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Leukocytosis can be present at any time during various malignancies. A 42-year-old male was admitted to our department for surgical management of his metastatic papillary thyroid cancer. Persistent white blood cell (WBC) elevation with left shift led to a thorough investigation. Having excluded other causes, leukocytosis was attributed to thyroid cancer itself. Positive immunostaining for IL-6 and CEA, as well as elevated serum levels, established this connection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elevated G-CSF levels were detected in anaplastic thyroid cancer cases. Only a few case reports evaluated IL-6 levels as either elevated or within the normal range [10][11][12]23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Be(a)ware of Leukocytosis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Laskou

Sapalidis

Topalidis

et al. 2022

Case Reports in Endocrinology

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“…In the literature, few cases have been published over the years that associate leukocytosis and cytokine production with ATC (Table 1) [9][10][11][12][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], even though, as previously noted, some other studies relate leukocytosis with poor prognosis in patients with ATC. Most of these reports evaluated CSFs, and in very few cases, IL-6 was measured and was found either elevated or within the normal range [10][11][12]. No such publications were originated from Greece except for a case report of a CSF producing papillary thyroid carcinoma associated with neutrophilia also from our department [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), one of the most aggressive neoplasms, there have been several reports of leukocytosis due to LPR resulting from G-CSF, MG-CSF, and IL-6 production [9][10][11][12]. This excessive and especially gradual elevation of WBC is linked to poorer prognostic survival outcomes [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excessive Leukocytosis Leading to a Diagnosis of Aggressive Thyroid Anaplastic Carcinoma: A Case Report and Relevant Review

Polymeris¹,

Kogia²,

Ioannidis³

et al. 2020

Eur Thyroid J

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Introduction: Leukocytosis and particularly neutrophilia are usually caused by acute infection, inflammation, and myeloproliferative neoplasms. However, leukocytosis can also occur in patients with malignancy either due to bone marrow metastases or in the context of a paraneoplastic syndrome. Case Presentation: An 86-year-old female was admitted to our hospital due to marked leukocytosis (white blood cells [WBC] > 40,000/μL), neutrophilia, and monocytosis. She was afebrile and reported hoarseness and mild difficulty swallowing. Upon physical examination, lung auscultation revealed inspiratory wheezing and a non-tender mass was observed in the anterior midline of the neck. Blasts and immature WBC were not found, and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of BCR/ABL gene was negative. A mass (5.4 cm in diameter) of abnormal parenchymal composition with calcifications occupying the right lobe, was seen on thyroid ultrasound. Cytology, after fine-needle aspiration, showed an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC). The cervical and chest computed tomography scan revealed a low-density lesion with calcifications that shifts and presses the trachea and multiple lung nodular lesions bilaterally. Since the case was inoperable and the airway was severely obstructed, a DUMON stent was placed. Biopsy of specimens from the trachea lesion revealed a tumor with significant atypical cells and focal squamoid features. The patient's WBC increased to 72,470/μL. Additionally, interleukin-6 (IL-6) was markedly elevated (20.2 pg/mL). The patient passed away due to respiratory arrest 55 days after her initial admission. Discussion: Excessive leukocytosis in a patient, having excluded infectious disease and myelodysplastic syndrome, could represent a manifestation of a paraneoplastic syndrome due to various cytokines secretion from the tumor. In our case, ATC synthesized and secreted IL-6, which seems to be the cause of severe leukocytosis.

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A Case of Thyroid Anaplastic Carcinoma Presenting Marked Neutrophilia and Eosinophilia due to Co-Production of GM-CSF, M-CSF and IL-6

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Be(a)ware of Leukocytosis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Be(a)ware of Leukocytosis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Excessive Leukocytosis Leading to a Diagnosis of Aggressive Thyroid Anaplastic Carcinoma: A Case Report and Relevant Review

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