A Case of Supernumerary Kidney

Mejia, Marco; Limback, Joseph; Ramirez, Ashley; Burt, Jeremy R.

doi:10.7759/cureus.3686

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…One of the urogenital system’s rarest congenital defects is a supernumerary kidney. 28 Other anomalies like ureteral atresia, vaginal atresia, horseshoe kidney, complete duplication of the urethra and penis with an ectopic ureteral opening into the vagina or introitus, imperforate anus, ventricular septal defects, meningomyelocele, and coarctation of the aorta may also be present in conjunction with the extra kidney. 29 The extra kidney may be attached to the normal kidney through loose areolar tissue or may be completely independent from it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supernumerary Kidneys Associated with Disorders of Sexual Development and Cloacal Anomaly: A Case Report

Mesfin¹,

Haji²,

Seyoume³

et al. 2023

IMCRJ

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Introduction The term “disorders of sexual differentiation” refers to a variety of issues that result in the baby’s genitalia being underdeveloped or showing characteristics shared by both sexes. Normal sexual development in utero requires a precise and coordinated spatiotemporal sequence of numerous activating and suppressing factors. Inadequate development of the bipotential gonad into an ovary or a testis is one of the most frequent causes of genital ambiguity (partial gonadal dysgenesis). One in every 50,000 babies suffers from cloacal anomalies, which makes it one of the rarest congenital malformations. The supernumerary kidney is an extremely uncommon congenital abnormality with less than 100 cases reported in the literature. Case We present five days old neonate admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with a complaint of absence of anal orifice. The baby had not passed meconium within 48 hours after delivery, but the families later realized that meconium had been passing through the urethral orifice along with urine. The child was born to a 32-year-old para-four woman who claims to have been amenorrheic for the past nine months but could not recall her last regular period. On physical examination, the abdomen was grossly distended, and there was no anal opening other than just a dimple on the sacrococcygeal area, and the external genitalia appears female on inspection with labia majora well developed and no fusion. Conclusion Disorder of sexual differentiation is a clinically diverse set of diseases that interferes with the proper differentiation and determination of sex in the embryo and fetus. One in 50,000 live births results in cloacal abnormalities, which are extremely uncommon. Less than 100 examples of the supernumerary kidney have been documented in the literature, making it an exceptionally rare congenital anomaly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supernumerary Kidneys Associated with Disorders of Sexual Development and Cloacal Anomaly: A Case Report

Mesfin¹,

Haji²,

Seyoume³

et al. 2023

IMCRJ

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“…A supernumerary kidney can be distinguished from a duplex kidney by the presence of its own arterial and venous supply, pelvicalyceal system, and renal capsule. Supernumerary kidneys are more often located on the left than on the right side and may be partially fused [6][7][8]. Rare cases of supernumerary kidneys in conjunction with a horseshoe anomaly have also been reported [9][10][11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossed Renal Ectopia with a Fused Supernumerary Kidney

Rahim

Mittal

2020

Cureus

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Crossed fused renal ectopia and the presence of a supernumerary kidney are both rare congenital variants that are often asymptomatic but may be associated with other developmental anomalies. Here we present a case of a 20-year-old male with a known diagnosis of crossed fused renal ectopia as well as a history of imperforate anus and tethered spinal cord treated in infancy. He presented to the emergency room with symptoms of flank pain, and a noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a 4-mm stone in the distal left ureter. CT scan also revealed that the patient's right kidney was not crossed and fused to the left kidney as previously believed, but rather it was crossed and fused to a supernumerary kidney abutting the inferomedial aspect of an orthotopic left kidney. This is a unique example of two rare coexisting renal anomalies not previously detected on a nuclear medicine renal scan and serial renal ultrasounds obtained earlier in the the patient's life.

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“…Some supernumerary kidney-associated congenital anomalies include horseshoe kidney malformations, ureteral atresia, imperforate anus, vaginal atresia, ectopic ureter implantation, urethral duplication, coarctation of the aorta, and meningomyelocele. [ 10 ] Because of the hypoplastic nature of the involved renal element, urinary incontinence produced by ureteral ectopia from the supernumerary kidney is rarely seen. [ 9 ] These anomalies are often asymptomatic and usually go undiagnosed until the fourth decade of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 9 ] These anomalies are often asymptomatic and usually go undiagnosed until the fourth decade of life. [ 10 ] Abdominal discomfort or a palpable mass, hypertension, and fever may be the most common presenting symptoms. [ 3 ] A number of pathologic conditions, such as pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis, renal calculi, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, and benign and malignant neoplasms, may affect the supernumerary kidney.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Right supernumerary kidney with urothelial carcinoma

Gao¹,

Xing²,

Luo³

et al. 2020

Medicine

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Rationale: A supernumerary kidney is an extremely rare renal anomaly. Currently, <100 cases are reported in the literature. There are only 2 right unilateral supernumerary kidneys reported in the literature thus far, but no confirmed cases of urothelial carcinoma in supernumerary kidneys. We report a case of a right supernumerary with urothelial carcinoma, which is, to the best of our knowledge, reported for the first time. Patient concerns: A 73-year-old female patient presented with intermittent, painless, whole course and gross hematuria for about 3 months. Her physical and laboratory examinations did not reveal any significant findings except positive occult blood in routine urine examination. Contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomography revealed a dysplastic supernumerary kidney under the normal right kidney. Diagnoses: The ureteroscopy showed that the ureter was Y-shaped in the middle part. The medial ureter led to a normal kidney. The lateral ureter was just 2 cm and led to a small cavity in which there was a mass whose biopsy showed urothelial carcinoma. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with a right supernumerary kidney with urothelial carcinoma. Intervention: Nephroureterectomy, including the right normal and supernumerary kidneys, and partial cystectomy by laparoscopy were performed after the ureteroscopy. The patient then received 6 cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin regimen chemotherapy and regular intravesical epirubicin chemotherapy. Outcomes: No recurrence or metastasis was found on follow-up computed tomography performed 13 months postoperatively. Lessons: A supernumerary kidney is an extremely rare renal anomaly. Malignancy can occur in supernumerary kidneys.

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A Case of Supernumerary Kidney

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Supernumerary Kidneys Associated with Disorders of Sexual Development and Cloacal Anomaly: A Case Report

Supernumerary Kidneys Associated with Disorders of Sexual Development and Cloacal Anomaly: A Case Report

Crossed Renal Ectopia with a Fused Supernumerary Kidney

Right supernumerary kidney with urothelial carcinoma

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