A Case of Recovery from Canine Destructive Cholangitis in a Miniature Dachshund

Osumi, Takafumi; Ohno, Koichi; Kanemoto, Hideyuki; Nakashima, Ko; Uchida, Kazuyuki; Karasawa, Ayako; Fujino, Yasuhito; Tsujimoto, Hajime

doi:10.1292/jvms.10-0448

Cited by 5 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species were most commonly isolated from bile and liver cultures . Few case reports describe destructive cholangitis in dogs, but to our knowledge, no reports describe dogs with LC or chronic (fluke‐associated) cholangitis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cholangitis and Cholangiohepatitis in Dogs: A Descriptive Study of 54 Cases Based on Histopathologic Diagnosis (2004–2014)

Harrison

Turek

Brown

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundCholangitis in dogs appears to be more common than previously thought, but understanding of the disease remains incomplete.ObjectiveTo describe a population of dogs with cholangitis or cholangiohepatitis.AnimalsFifty‐four client‐owned dogs with cholangitis or cholangiohepatitis.MethodsMedical records of dogs with cholangitis or cholangiohepatitis confirmed by histopathology between January 2004 and December 2014 were identified using a computer‐based search and retrospectively reviewed.ResultsClinical signs included vomiting (72.2%), lethargy (70.4%), and inappetence (64.8%). Most dogs (49/50) had increased liver enzyme activities, hyperbilirubinemia (32/50), and hypercholesterolemia (24/43). Ultrasonographic abnormalities of the hepatobiliary system were seen in 84% of cases. On histopathology, 53 of 54 affected dogs had neutrophilic cholangitis (NC) or cholangiohepatitis, whereas 1 dog had lymphocytic cholangitis. Most cases (42/54) were chronic. Evidence of concurrent biliary disease (46.2%) and biliary tract obstruction (42.6%) was common. Seventeen of 36 biliary and 11 of 25 liver cultures were positive for bacterial growth; Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were most common. Median patient survival was 671 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 114–1,426). On Cox regression, dogs that did not have a cholecystectomy performed had a 2.1 greater hazard for death (P = 0.037; 95% CI: 1.0–4.3) compared to cholecystectomized dogs. Dogs >13 years old had a 5.0 greater hazard for death (P = 0.001; 95% CI: 1.9–13.2) compared to younger dogs.Conclusions and Clinical SignificanceChronic NC or cholangiohepatitis was most common. Cholecystitis and biliary tract obstruction often occurred in conjunction with cholangitis. Cholecystectomized dogs had decreased risk of death; thus, cholecystectomy may improve patient outcome.

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confidence: 99%

Cholangitis and Cholangiohepatitis in Dogs: A Descriptive Study of 54 Cases Based on Histopathologic Diagnosis (2004–2014)

Harrison

Turek

Brown

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Biliary fibrosis can progress to portal‐portal bridging fibrosis and biliary cirrhosis (when there is concurrent nodular regeneration) . Destructive cholangitis, characterized by loss of bile ducts with accompanying inflammation, also can lead to biliary fibrosis . Idiosyncratic drug reactions have been implicated in causing this uncommon disease …”

Section: Causes Of Hepatic Fibrosis In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ursodeoxycholic acid is used to treat primary biliary cirrhosis in humans, but resolution of fibrosis does not consistently occur and other treatments may be needed for advanced disease . Case reports describe the use of ursodeoxycholic acid in dogs with hepatobiliary disease, but to our knowledge, there are no studies that critically evaluate its effectiveness in this species …”

Section: Current Treatment Options For Hepatic Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Destructive cholangitis, characterized by loss of bile ducts with accompanying inflammation, also can lead to biliary fibrosis. 8,96 Idiosyncratic drug reactions have been implicated in causing this uncommon disease. 97 Right-sided heart failure or obstruction of the cranial vena cava leads to increased central venous pressure and passive venous hepatic congestion.…”

Section: Causes Of Hepatic Fibrosis In Dogsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…177 Case reports describe the use of ursodeoxycholic acid in dogs with hepatobiliary disease, but to our knowledge, there are no studies that critically evaluate its effectiveness in this species. 96,173,178,179 Colchicine Colchicine, a plant extract from Colchicum autumnale that acts as a microtubule assembly inhibitor, has been shown to decrease hepatic fibrosis in rodent models 180 and also in some human patients with hepatic fibrosis. 181 The suggested mechanism is the inhibition of microtubule-associated transport of procollagen and the enhancement of collagenase activity.…”

Section: Antioxidant Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatic Fibrosis in Dogs

Eulenberg

Lidbury

2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Hepatic fibrosis is commonly diagnosed in dogs, often as a sequela to chronic hepatitis (CH). The development of fibrosis is a crucial event in the progression of hepatic disease that is of prognostic value. The pathophysiology of hepatic fibrosis in human patients and rodent models has been studied extensively. Although less is known about this process in dogs, evidence suggests that fibrogenic mechanisms are similar between species and that activation of hepatic stellate cells is a key step. Diagnosis and staging of hepatic fibrosis in dogs requires histopathological examination of a liver biopsy specimen. However, performing a liver biopsy is invasive and assessment of fibrotic stage is complicated by the absence of a universally accepted staging scheme in veterinary medicine. Serum biomarkers that can discriminate among different fibrosis stages are used in human patients, but such markers must be more completely evaluated in dogs before clinical use. When successful treatment of its underlying cause is feasible, reversal of hepatic fibrosis has been shown to be possible in rodent models and human patients. Reversal of fibrosis has not been well documented in dogs, but successful treatment of CH is possible. In human medicine, better understanding of the pathomechanisms of hepatic fibrosis is leading to the development of novel treatment strategies. In time, these may be applied to dogs. This article comparatively reviews the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis, its diagnosis, and its treatment in dogs.

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Cholangitis, Destructive

2019

Blackwell's Five‐Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion

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A Case of Recovery from Canine Destructive Cholangitis in a Miniature Dachshund

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Cholangitis and Cholangiohepatitis in Dogs: A Descriptive Study of 54 Cases Based on Histopathologic Diagnosis (2004–2014)

Cholangitis and Cholangiohepatitis in Dogs: A Descriptive Study of 54 Cases Based on Histopathologic Diagnosis (2004–2014)

Hepatic Fibrosis in Dogs

Cholangitis, Destructive

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