A Case of Leiomyosarcoma of the Sphenoid Sinus.

Abstract

A 43-year-old man with a primary leiomyosarcoma of the left sphenoid sinus is presented. To our knowledge, this is an unusual case of leiomyosarcoma, which has never been reported in the literature. Accurate and safe diagnosis was obtained by an endonasal endoscopic approach with minimal tissue invasion.

A long-term survivor of leiomyosarcoma around the right side of the base of the skull: effective radiotherapy combined with intra-arterial chemotherapy

“…Occasionally these tumors may also exhibit multiple areas of necrotic and cystic liquefaction. 15 However, the massive involvement of the base of the skull and spinal canal in our patient made it impossible to perform an operation. 1 In our patient, the images were compatible with the reported imaging features, but with regard to the pathological diagnosis, we could not make a definitive diagnosis from the hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections because of the atypical tumor findings.…”

Sinonasal Leiomyosarcoma: Review of Literature and Case Report

“…Leiomyosarcoma is associated with a history of irradiation, retinoblastoma, or chemotherapy 12,16,18,19,26 . Within the sinonasal cavity, the most common sites of involvement are the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses 14,23,31 . These tumors exhibit local aggressive malignant behavior and a high rate of local recurrence 1 .…”

“…The drugs most commonly used to treat sinonasal leiomyosarcomas are cyclophosphamide, 5,8,12,17 doxorubicin, 12,17,26,36 cisplatin, 16,26,39 vincristine, 8,17 methotrexate, 8,26 actinomycin, 8,11 ifosfamide, 36 adriamycin, 16,39 chromomycin, 5 mitomycin, 5 and thiotepa 5 . In inoperable cases, radiation and chemotherapy have been applied for palliation with limited success 8,12,23,26 …”

“…Surgery plus radiation was performed in 16 cases; 2,9,10,14,17,20,21,26,31–33,35 surgery plus chemotherapy was performed in 3 cases; 5,11,36 radiation plus chemotherapy was performed in 2 cases; 12,26 and surgery plus radiation plus chemotherapy was performed in 2 patients, 32 including ours. Radiation alone 23 and chemotherapy alone 8 were performed in one case each. Treatment could not be determined in three cases 18,32 .…”

“…Of these 256 tumors, only 6 (2.3%) were leiomyosarcomas. Since Dobben 3 reported the first case in 1958, 62 cases of primary leiomyosarcomas of the sinonasal territory and anterior skull base have been reported in the English literature 2–37 . We treated a 24‐year‐old man for leiomyosarcomas involving the sinonasal area and the anterior skull base and reviewed the related literature.…”