A case of kidney metastasis in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: A case report and review of literature

Agrawal, Anita; Wood, Kimberly A.; Giede, Christopher; Chibbar, Rajni

doi:10.4236/crcm.2013.25082

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…With only having one reported case in the literature to date, renal metastases from vulvar SCC can be considered extremely rare. In the first case that was reported, the patient had a 24-month recurrence-free survival time after radical surgery and chemo-radiation of vulvar cancer relapse ( 3 ). She was treated with radical vulvectomy and chemo-radiation therapy due to vulvar SCC and remained in remission for 24 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case report: A kidney metastasis from vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

He,

Xiao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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IntroductionDistant metastases of vulvar SCC most commonly involve the lung, liver, bone, skin, and lymph nodes. Metastasis from vulvar SCC to the kidneys is extremely rare, with only one case reported in the literature to date.Case presentationWe report the case of a 53-year-old postmenopausal female patient was diagnosed with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in an external hospital and following the diagnosis, she had been performed a vulvectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, at that time, the patient had not undergone inguinal lymphadenectomy. In July 2019, she was admitted to our hospital due to upper right quadrant pain. An enhanced whole-body CT scan showed a mixed-density tumor of the right kidney with invasion into the right renal portal vein and multiple enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET - CT) scan showed a significantly increased radioactivity uptake in the tumor and enlarged lymph nodes, but PET-CT did not show abnormal enlargement of bilateral inguinal lymph nodes and no abnormal increase in radioactivity uptake. PET-CT examination did not show recurrence in terms of local of vulvar. These results led us to be gravely worried about possible renal carcinoma, so it was agreed upon to perform laparoscopic nephrectomy of the right kidney in the same month. Histology of the resected tumor confirmed it to be poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with invasion consistent with metastatic vulvar carcinoma. Based on clinical history, radiological and histological facts, the patient was diagnosed with kidney metastasis from vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Recovery from surgery went well and the patient was transferred to the oncology department and underwent a chemotherapy regimen consisting of paclitaxel and nedaplatin for further treatment. After 6 courses of chemotherapy. For a year after treatment, the patient had lived progression-free. Unfortunately, she died of tumor progression in July 2022.ConclusionAlthough renal metastasis from vulvar SCC is rare, renal metastasis should be considered for the patient with a history of vulvar cancer, whenever a mass is identified in the kidney. Timely surgical removal of renal metastasis may prolong the survival time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distant metastases of vulvar SCC most commonly involve the lung, liver, bone, skin, and lymph nodes. Metastasis from vulvar SCC to the kidneys is extremely rare, with only one case reported in the literature to date ( 3 ). In this report, we shall discuss a rare case of renal metastasis from a primary vulvar SCC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report: A kidney metastasis from vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

He,

Xiao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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“…Older women are more likely to have HPV-negative disease and there is an association with vulvar lichen sclerosus [2] . Although metastization is rare with haematogenous dissemination to distant sites occurring in only 8–12% of patients [3] , the most common sites for metastasis are the lung, bone, liver and lymph nodes [4] . When metastization occurs, there is usually a low response to surgery/radiotherapy, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5% [5] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypercalcemia and Extensive Chest Metastasis of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Mota

Mesquita

Pires

et al. 2019

European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine

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A 73-year-old woman with a diagnosis of vulvar carcinoma submitted to curative surgery 5 years previously, presented to the emergency department with prostration and vulvar haemorrhage. Although the gynaecological examination was unremarkable, she had a mass in the left chest wall and hypercalcemia. A CT scan of the thorax revealed a voluminous left hemithorax mass invading the mediastinum, lung, pleura and chest wall. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of the mass showed infiltration by a well-differentiated keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). This case report describes an extremely rare metastatic pattern in vulvar SCC concomitant with paraneoplastic hypercalcemia.

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“…We have shown that for HPV16-positive VSCC, the virus was included in cell spread from the original tumor site and was even detected in lesions far away from primary site. Distant spread in vulvar carcinoma is unusual [37] but in a few published case reports cardiac [38] , kidney [39] , liver and lung metastasis [40] are reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HPV16 viral characteristics in primary, recurrent and metastatic vulvar carcinoma

Lillsunde-Larsson

Kaliff

Sorbe

et al. 2018

Papillomavirus Research

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Vulvar carcinoma is the fourth most common gynecological malignancy. Two separate carcinogenic pathways are suggested, where one is associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV16 the most common genotype.The aim of this study was to evaluate HPV-markers in a set of primary tumors, metastases and recurrent lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (VSCC). Ten HPV16-positive VSCC with metastatic regional lymph nodes, distant lymphoid/hematogenous metastases or local recurrent lesions were investigated for HPV genotype, HPV16 variant, HPV16 viral load, HPV16 integration and HPV16 E2BS3 and 4 methylation.In all 10 analyzed case series, the same HPV genotype (HPV16), HPV16 variant and level of viral load were detected in all lesions within a patient case. Primary tumors with a high E2/E6 ratio were found to have fewer vulvar recurrences and/or metastases after diagnosis and treatment. Also, a significantly lower viral load was evident in regional lymph nodes compared to primary tumors.The data presented strengthens the evidence for a clonal HPV-induced pathway for vulvar carcinoma

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A case of kidney metastasis in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: A case report and review of literature

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Case report: A kidney metastasis from vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

Case report: A kidney metastasis from vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

Hypercalcemia and Extensive Chest Metastasis of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

HPV16 viral characteristics in primary, recurrent and metastatic vulvar carcinoma

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