A case of Capnocytophaga canimorsus meningitis and bacteraemia

Hannon, D. M.; Harkin, Eithne; Donnachie, K; Sibartie, Shomik; Doyle, Melissa; Chan, Gcf

doi:10.1007/s11845-019-02045-0

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…From the bacteria that are pathogens or the physiological flora of animals that we noted in our study, there are, among others, Capnocytophaga canimorsus which is canine and feline oral flora and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae isolated from numerous animals. These species most commonly cause BSI due to bites [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Healthcare-Associated Laboratory-Confirmed Bloodstream Infections—Species Diversity and Resistance Mechanisms, a Four-Year Retrospective Laboratory-Based Study in the South of Poland

Chmielarczyk

Pomorska-Wesołowska²,

Romaniszyn

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Introduction: Regardless of the country, advancements in medical care and infection prevention and control of bloodstream infections (BSIs) are an enormous burden of modern medicine. Objectives: The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiology and drug-resistance of laboratory-confirmed BSI (LC-BSIs) among adult patients of 16 hospitals in the south of Poland. Patients and methods: Data on 4218 LC-BSIs were collected between 2016–2019. The identification of the strains was performed using MALDI-TOF. Resistance mechanisms were investigated according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, EUCAST recommendations. Results: Blood cultures were collected from 8899 patients, and LC-BSIs were confirmed in 47.4%. The prevalence of Gram-positive bacteria was 70.9%, Gram-negative 27.8% and yeast 1.4%. The most frequently isolated genus was Staphylococcus (50% of all LC-BSIs), with a domination of coagulase-negative staphylococci, while Escherichia coli (13.7%) was the most frequent Gram-negative bacterium. Over 4 years, 108 (2.6%) bacteria were isolated only once, including species from the human microbiota as well as environmental and zoonotic microorganisms. The highest methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) prevalence was in intensive care units (ICUs) (55.6%) but S. aureus with resistance to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins B (MLSB) in surgery was 66.7%. The highest prevalence of E. faecalis with a high-level aminoglycoside resistance (HLAR) mechanism was in ICUs, (84.6%), while E. faecium-HLAR in surgery was 83.3%. All cocci were fully glycopeptide-sensitive. Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli were detected only in non-fermentative bacilli group, with prevalence 70% and more. Conclusions: The BSI microbiology in Polish hospitals was similar to those reported in other studies, but the prevalence of MRSA and enterococci-HLAR was higher than expected, as was the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant non-fermentative bacilli. Modern diagnostic techniques, such as MALDI-TOF, guarantee reliable diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methicillin resistance in CNS is usually very high; it was detected in 75% of strains in the USA [13] and in Finland [40], in 93.1% in Brazil [41] and in 93.6% in China [42]. However, resistance to macrolides is also often observed, being 63% in Finland [39], 86.2% in Brazil [41], 92.4% in China [42] and 85.3% in Saudi Arabia [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthcare-Associated Laboratory-Confirmed Bloodstream Infections—Species Diversity and Resistance Mechanisms, a Four-Year Retrospective Laboratory-Based Study in the South of Poland

Chmielarczyk

Pomorska-Wesołowska²,

Romaniszyn

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…The incubation period is on average 5-7 days, and most cases take place in males aged 50-70 years [8]. Clinical suspicion is essential for its diagnosis, especially in high-risk patients, such as our splenectomized patient [3][4][5][6][7]. As we have described, microbiological isolation in wound cultures is very rare due to a decreased sensitivity, and the bacteria is usually isolated in blood cultures instead [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common clinical presentation includes cold-like symptoms, such as fever, intense myalgias, general malaise, gastrointestinal manifestations such as abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, dyspnea or headache [5]. Severe cases occasionally present with sepsis, meningitis, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, ocular infection, purulent arthritis, disseminated intravascular coagulation or fulminant purpura [5][6][7][8][9]. Mortality and morbidity rates are higher in the setting of sepsis, increasing up to 30% [4,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. canimorsus is the most frequent pathogen causing serious human infections, usually in immunosuppressed patients, such as alcoholics or splenectomized patients, although occasionally also in immunocompetent hosts [3, 4]. Though it is not a common cause of infection in humans, it is a potentially serious one, which can occasionally go unnoticed [5] but causing sepsis, bacteremia, meningitis and endocarditis [6, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Septic Shock due to <b><i>Capnocytophaga</i></b>: A Case Report

Jiménez-Álvarez¹,

López-Cuenca²,

Quesada-Bellver³

2021

Case Rep Acute Med

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The genus Capnocytophaga spp., recorded for the first time in 1979, comprises gram-negative bacilli, that colonize the oral mucosa of dogs and, to a lesser extent, cats, so that human transmission can be due to biting, scratching or close contact. Though it is not a common cause of infection in humans, it is a potentially serious one, which can occasionally go unnoticed causing sepsis, bacteremia, meningitis and endocarditis. A high clinical suspicion is essential for its diagnosis, especially in high-risk patients, such as alcoholics or splenectomized patients, as time to positivity of blood cultures may take as long as 6 days. Antibiotic treatment should last several weeks.

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