A case–control study on environmental and biological risk factors for renal calculi persisting in a coastal Union Territory, India

Mathiyalagen, Prakash; Neelakantan, Anand; Balusamy, Karthik; Vasudevan, Kavita; Cherian, Johnson; Sunderamurthy, Bhuvaneswary

doi:10.4103/2249-4863.214981

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Similarly, the retrospective investigation by Tang K, et al reported prevalence of kidney stones in adult patients (52 years), which may be due to more clinical trials that have been designed exclusively for adult patients [5]. Other risk factors that attributed to the development of stones in adult patients were changes in eating habits, lifestyle, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of hematological inflammatory biomarkers in patients with urolithiasis: A prospective case control study

Manjunath¹,

Barua²,

Sarma³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Inflammation plays a crucial role in the initial stage and the progression of urinary stones. The literature suggesting association of elevated inflammatory biomarkers in patients with urolithiasis is very scarce. Therefore, present study aimed to compare association of inflammatory biomarkers with urolithiasis. Methods This prospective study compared patients age > 14 years with kidney, bladder, ureter stones and no other systemic disease (test group) with healthy controls (control group). Baseline characteristics and routine blood tests were recorded. Primary endpoint was to diagnose the effect of biochemical parameters in stone prevalence. Results A total of 399 populations categorized into two groups: test group (n = 358) and control group (n = 41). The median age was 47.0 years in the test group and 48.0 years in the control group. The proportion of men was more than women in both the groups. The median C-reactive protein level and red cell distribution width (RDW) were significantly higher in the test group than control group (P < 0.001). Where, the lymphocyte level was significantly lowered in patients with kidney stones. Microscopic hematuria was present in approximately 17.6% of patients with urinary calculi (P = 0.001). Binary multiple logistic regression analysis with biochemical parameters, predicted that neutrophil (P = 0.010), lymphocyte (P = 0.040), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (P = 0.006) and RDW (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with urinary stone prediction. Area under curve for RDW was 0.78 (95% CI 0.70–0.86); P < 0.001. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that NLR and RDW significantly increased in patients with kidney stone. It appears to be potentially useful inflammatory biomarkers of systemic inflammation in patients with kidney stone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of hematological inflammatory biomarkers in patients with urolithiasis: A prospective case control study

Manjunath¹,

Barua²,

Sarma³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Socio-demographic elements such as age, gender, educational status, and socioeconomic class play a role in the formation of kidney stones. Furthermore, other risk factors that contribute to the development of renal stones include inadequate water intake, water intake without filtration, a high intake of raw vegetables, daily tea intake, inactive lifestyle, history of renal stone in the family, smoking, high serum level of lipids, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors of Nephrolithiasis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rawalpindi: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Khan¹,

Anwar²,

Shafique³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundNephrolithiasis (renal stones) is the most common urological disease. Its prevalence is high in every part of the world. Several factors lead to renal stone formation. In Pakistan, nephrolithiasis prevalence is also high as Pakistan is located in a region which is known as the salt belt. However, nephrolithiasis and its possible risk factors are under-researched in Pakistan. ObjectiveThis study aims to identify the risk factors for nephrolithiasis among admitted patients with renal stones. This may lead to a reduction in renal stone incidence and its allied complications by the prevention of risk factors that would have a major role in renal stone formation. Material and methodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was performed among the 143 admitted patients with renal stones in the urology ward of Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi, for approximately six months from November 2021 to April 2022. Non-probability convenient sampling and developed inclusion and exclusion criteria were used for the recruitment of patients. After elaborating on the objectives, the study data were collected by interviewers through a self-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was carried out using SPSS version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). ResultsNephrolithiasis was more prevalent among patients who had an age group range of 15-30 years (47.55%), male gender (56.65%), illiterate educational status (53.14%), lower socioeconomic status (66.43%), inadequate intake of water (61.53%), used tap water (56.64%), a habit of daily vegetable intake (65.04%), sedentary lifestyle (51.74%), family history of renal stones (57.34%), no diabetes mellitus (62.94%), no hypertension (52.45%), and overweight (48.23%). ConclusionIn brief, the age group of 15-30 years, male gender, illiteracy, lower socioeconomic status, insufficient water intake, tap water, high vegetables, inactive lifestyle, family history of nephrolithiasis, and a high BMI all increase the risk of nephrolithiasis.

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“…Urinary stones are major painful health problems that can lead to impaired urinary functions, renal loss and bladder cancer. 1 Their prevalence varies between 2% and 15%. [2][3][4] In Turkey, a study has revealed an overall prevalence of urinary stones of 11.1% 3 and it was decided that they were endemic problems in Turkey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk factors of urinary stones include ageing, male gender, diabetes mellitus, urinary infection, family history, inadequate fluid intake and excessive consumption of oxalate, calcium and vitamin D. 1,6 The causes of kidney stones also vary according to the type of stones. 7 There are five types of urinary stones including calcium and/or oxalate stones, cystine stones, xanthine stones, uric acid stones, struvite/infection stones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk factors in urinary stones: A case–control study

Gürler

Gündüz

2021

Int J of Uro Nursing

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What are the urinary stones risk factors? Is there a relationship between nutritional, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics and urinary stones. The aims of this study are to determine risk factors in urinary stones, to examine the relationship between nutritional, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics and urinary stones and to compare these variables with those of healthy individuals. Urinary stones are multifactorial diseases. Determining the risk factors that cause urinary stones is vital to take preventive measures for urinary stones and avoiding recurrence. A 1:1 matched case-control study was performed and it included 123 cases and control group. The study data were collected with a questionnaire designed by the researchers. The study results suggested that 73.2%(n = 90) of the participants in the case group and 74.8% (n = 92) of the control group were male, the use of vitamin D was higher and the daily fluid consumption was lower in the case groups. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that the incidence of urinary stones was 3.9 times higher (OR: 3.9, CI: 2.175-7.180) in patients who had a relative with urinary stones and 2.3 times higher in patients with previous urinary infection (OR: 2.309, CI: 1.200-4.443). It was concluded that a relative with urinary stones, prior urinary infection and usage of vitamin D were risk factors for urinary stones. Nurses should determine risk factors for urinary stones among all population groups and inform the public about the prevention of stone development.

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A case–control study on environmental and biological risk factors for renal calculi persisting in a coastal Union Territory, India

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Correlation of hematological inflammatory biomarkers in patients with urolithiasis: A prospective case control study

Correlation of hematological inflammatory biomarkers in patients with urolithiasis: A prospective case control study

Risk Factors of Nephrolithiasis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rawalpindi: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

Risk factors in urinary stones: A case–control study

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