A case-based reasoning recommender system for sustainable smart city development

Abstract

With the deployment of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and the needs of data and information sharing within cities, smart city aims to provide value-added services to improve citizens’ quality of life. But, currently city planners/developers are faced with inadequate contextual information on the dimensions of smart city required to achieve a sustainable society. Therefore, in achieving sustainable society, there is need for stakeholders to make strategic decisions on how to implement smart city initiatives. Besides, it is required to specify the smart city dimensions to be adopted in making cities smarter for sustainability attainment. But, only a few methods such as big data, internet of things, cloud computing, etc. have been employed to support smart city attainment. Thus, this study integrates case-based reasoning (CBR) as an artificial intelligence technique to develop a recommender system towards promoting smart city planning. CBR provides suggestions on smart city dimensions to be adopted by city planners/decision-makers in making cities smarter and sustainable. Accordingly, survey data were collected from 115 respondents to evaluate the applicability of the implemented CBR recommender system in relation to how the system provides best practice recommendations and retaining of smart city initiatives. Results from descriptive and exploratory factor analyses suggest that the developed system is applicable in supporting smart city adoption. Besides, findings from this study are expected to provide valuable insights for practitioners to develop more practical strategies and for researchers to better understand smart city dimensions.

Smart City Measurement: Identification of Smart Economy Performance Indicators in Indonesia

“…Household income measure the median of all people income in the same house [21], [28], [39], [41], [42], [43], [44]. Enterpreneurship growth is related to the number of businesses registered like micro and medium small businesses [21], [29], [30], [34], [36], [37], [39], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50]. Percentageof unemployment is related to the rate of unemployment citizen in certain area [21], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [34], [35], [36], [38], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [47], [48], [50], [51].…”

“…Percentageof unemployment is related to the rate of unemployment citizen in certain area [21], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [34], [35], [36], [38], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [47], [48], [50], [51]. Easy access to job information includes the level of ease of information through both print and digital media, job market and promotion [28], [29], [31], [46], [48], [52], Level of innovation and productivity is related to the ability of the community to produce work or businesses that have competitiveness [29], [30], [31], [35], [36], [41], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51]. Worker skill is related to related to the level of productivity to achieve valuable contributions to the company thereby increasing revenue [28], [41], [53].…”

“…In transaction sub-dimension "lesh cash" machine availability measure about the quantity, readiness and human support about the machine (ATM) [28], [29], [46], [48], [52]. Less cash knowledge measure how good the citizen knowledge about cashless system [28], [41], [53].…”

“…Bankable society is is the level of customer eligibility that meets bank requirements [21], [28], [38], [41], [50], [52]. Fintech quality refers to how good the technology is in supporting transactions conducted by citizens [21], [28], [29], [46]. Foreign direct and domestic invesment is related to level of investment from abroad directly to domestic companies [32], [37], [40], [53], [54], [55].…”

“…Foreign direct and domestic invesment is related to level of investment from abroad directly to domestic companies [32], [37], [40], [53], [54], [55]. Network availability refers to refers to the availability of IT equipment, internet networks and the ability of the community to operate technology [28], [29], [31], [46], [48], [52]. Finally, market intensity is the frequency of spending through e-commerce, the number of sellers in the market place and product availability [21], [29], [31], [35], [45], [49], [51].…”