A carbon nanotube metal semiconductor field effect transistor-based biosensor for detection of amyloid-beta in human serum

Detection of Aβ Monomers and Oligomers: Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease

“…In addition, ac arbon nanotube (CNT) film-based biosensor with am etal semiconductor field-effect transistor structure (MESFET) by depositing an Au top gate on the middle of the CNT channel was exploredf or Ab 1-42 detection. [27] Probe antibodies were immobilizedo nt he Au top gate fort he specific binding with Ab .Al inear relationship was observed in the plot of conductance change versus Ab concentrationf or the range of 1-1000 pg ml…”

Recent Trends in Field-Effect Transistors-Based Immunosensors

“…Detection of tumor biomarkers for breast cancer [52,53], hepatic carcinoma [54], oral squamous cell carcinoma [55], pancreatic cancer [56], and bladder cancer [57] have also been reported. Moreover, other disease biomarkers related to cardiovascular diseases [58][59][60], thyroid hormone [61], venous thromboembolism [62], Alzheimer [63], and diabetes [64,65] have been detected with very low detection limits. Table 2 evidences the ultrasensitive detection of pathogenic microorganisms associated with human health and food safety, such as Salmonella [66,67] and Escherichia coli [68][69][70][71] bacteria, rotavirus [72] and bacteriophage [69] viruses, and parasitic protozoan [73].…”

“…Table 2 also depicts the application of immunoFET devices for detecting environmental contaminants such as pesticides [74], herbicides [75], toxins [76], and phytopathogens [77]. Alzheimer biomarker, amyloid-β SWCNT 10 −12 -10 −9 g·mL −1 1 pg·mL −1 in human serum [63] Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4, multiple cancer types biomarker Graphene 0.01 fM-10 pM 0.01 fM [85] Pancreatic cancer biomarker, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) Graphene 0.01 unit·mL −1 -1000 unit·mL −1 0.01 unit·mL −1 [56] Prostate specific antigen/α1-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT) complex Graphene 100 fg·mL −1 -1 µg·mL −1 100 fg·mL −1 [49] Breast cancer biomarkers human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) SiO 2 /graphene 100 pM-1 µM 1 pM for HER2 and 100 pM for EGFR [52] Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid herbicides SWCNT 5 fM-500 µM 500 fM in soil sample and 50 pM in buffer [75] 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) contamination SWCNT 0.5 ppb-5000 ppb 0.5 ppb [76] Microcystin-LR (cyanotoxin in surface waters) SWCNT 1-1000 ng·L −1 0.6 ng·L −1 [91] Citrus tristeza virus and Xylella fastidiosa phytopathogens InP 60-340 ng·mL −1 for Citrus tristeza virus and 34-250 ng·mL −1 for Xylella fastidiosa 2 nM for both phytopathogens [77] 3.1. Silicon Nanowires…”

Ultrasonic isolation of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli with autodisplayed Z-domains

“…Therefore, the outer membrane layer was reported to be formed on solid supports with a hydrophobic surface through the hydrophobic interaction with the core part of the outer membrane particles, and the autodisplayed Z-domains of the outer membrane particles were located on the surface of the outer membrane layer. When antibodies were applied to the outer membrane layer on the solid supports, the F c region of the antibodies bound to the autodisplayed Z-domains, and the F c -bound antibodies developed an active orientation to bind antigens [21,22,11]. This control of the orientation of antibodies through the autodisplayed Z-domains has been reported to improve the sensitivity of immunoassays [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”