A capacitive sensor for differentiation between virus-infected and uninfected cells

Abdelhamid, Hamdy; Salem, Tamer Z.; Wahba, Amed; Mofeed, MohDina; Morsy, Omar E.; Abdelbaset, Reda

doi:10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100497

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, this dimension is proposed due to TSMC 130 nm technology limitations at metal 7. In addition, we provide CSM without a passivation layer to improve sensitivity, as demonstrated by past laboratory experiments 18 , 19 . The proposed microchannel's height, width, and length are 40 µm, 80 µm, and 200 µm, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The second subsystem of the proposed biochip is the pixel readout circuit (PRC) which exists for every capacitive sensor in the CSM. When a sample cell is introduced to the CSM electrodes, a dielectric layer begins to form, increasing the electrodes' capacitance 18 . The objective of the readout circuit is to utilize the capacitive change captured from the CSM's electrodes to locate and characterize the introduced cell.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CMOS based capacitive sensor matrix for characterizing and tracking of biological cells

Abdelbaset

El-Sehrawy

Morsy

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The characterization and tracking of biological cells using biosensors are necessary for many scientific fields, specifically cell culture monitoring. Capacitive sensors offer a great solution due to their ability to extract many features such as the biological cells' position, shape, and capacitance. Through this study, a CMOS-based biochip that consists of a matrix of capacitive sensors (CSM), utilizing a ring oscillator-based pixel readout circuit (PRC), is designed and simulated to track and characterize a single biological cell based on its aforementioned different features. The proposed biochip is simulated to characterize a single Hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC) and a single normal liver cell (NLC). COMSOL Multiphysics was used to extract the capacitance values of the HCC and NLC and test the CSM's performance at different distances from the analyte. The PRC's ability to detect the extracted capacitance values of the HCC and NLC is evaluated using Virtuoso Analog Design Environment. A novel algorithm is developed to animate and predict the location and shape of the tested biological cell depending on CSM's capacitance readings simultaneously using MATLAB R2022a script. The results of both models, the measured capacitance from CSM and the correlated frequency from the readout circuit, show the biochip's ability to characterize and distinguish between HCC and NLC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CMOS based capacitive sensor matrix for characterizing and tracking of biological cells

Abdelbaset

El-Sehrawy

Morsy

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Digested products were purified and ligated with T4 DNA ligase (New England Biolabs-NEB, Ipswich, MA, USA) to obtain pFast-SP94-EGFP and pFast-RGD-EGFP constructs. The ligated products were transformed into competent E. coli DH5a, as in our previous work [ 13 ]. For the second cloning fragment, HCV core-His was constructed by two sequential PCR reactions using Phusion High Fidelity DNA Taq polymerase (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA); (a) First PCR amplicon was amplified by primers 8 and 9, then primers 8 and 10.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetically Engineered Hepatitis C Virus-like Particles (HCV-LPs) Tagged with SP94 Peptide to Acquire Selectivity to Liver Cancer Cells via Grp78

Mofed

Wahba

Salem

2022

CIMB

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Targeted cancer therapy is a challenging area that includes multiple chemical and biological vehicles. Virus-like particles (VLPs) combine safety and efficacy in their roles as potential vaccines and drug delivery vehicles. In this study, we propose a novel drug delivery system based on HCV-LPs engineered with SP94 and RGD peptides mediated by a specific molecular chaperone (Grp78) associated with cancer drug resistance. The PCR primers were designed for engineering two constructs, SP94-EGFP-CORE-HIS and RGD-EGFP-CORE-HIS, by sequential PCR reactions. The two fragments were cloned into pFastBac Dual under the polyhedrin promoter and then used to produce two recombinant baculoviruses (AcSP94 and AcRGD). The VLP’s expression was optimized by recombinant virus infection with different MOIs, ranging from 1 to 20 MOI. Recombinant VLP2 were purified by Ni-NTA and their sizes and shapes were confirmed with TEM. They were incubated with different types of cells prior to examination using the fluorescence microscope to test the binding specificity. The effect of the overexpression of the Grp78 on the binding affinity of the engineered VLPs was tested in HepG2 and HeLa cells. The protocol optimization revealed that MOI 10 produced the highest fluorescence intensities after 72 h for the two recombinant proteins (SP94-core and RGD-core). Moreover, the binding assay tested on different types of mammalian cells (HeLa, HEK-293T, and HepG2 cells) showed green fluorescence on the periphery of all tested cell lines when using the RGD-core protein; while, the SP94-core protein showed green fluorescence only with the liver cancer cells, HepG2 and HuH7. Overexpression of Grp78 in HepG2 and HeLa cells enhanced the binding efficiency of the engineered VLPs. We confirmed that the SP94 peptide can be specifically used to target liver cancer cells, while the RGD peptide is sufficiently functional for most types of cancer cells. The overexpression of the Grp78 improved the binding capacity of both SP94 and RGD peptides. It is worth noting that the SP94 peptide can function properly as a recombinant peptide, and not only as a chemically conjugated peptide, as heretofore commonly used.

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“…Their use has been shown in drug cytotoxicity assays (Nabovati et al ., 2019), potency assays for chemotherapeutic agents (B. Senevirathna, Lu, Dandin, et al ., 2019), viral infection assays (Abdelhamid et al ., 2022), oral cell analysis (Osouli Tabrizi et al ., 2022), and nanoparticle-mediated activation of neutrophils (Bunnfors et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring and Modeling Macrophage Growth using a Lab-on-CMOS Capacitance Sensing Microsystem

Smith

Lin

Gilpin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We report on the use of a lab-on-CMOS biosensor platform for quantitatively tracking the growth of RAW 264.7 murine Balb/c macrophages. We show that macrophage growth over a wide sensing area correlates linearly with an average capacitance growth factor resulting from capacitance measurements at a plurality of electrodes dispersed in the sensing area. We further show a temporal model that captures the cell evolution in the area of interest over long periods (e.g., 30 hours). The model links the cell numbers and the average capacitance growth factor associated with the sensing area to describe the observed growth kinetics.

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A capacitive sensor for differentiation between virus-infected and uninfected cells

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

CMOS based capacitive sensor matrix for characterizing and tracking of biological cells

CMOS based capacitive sensor matrix for characterizing and tracking of biological cells

Genetically Engineered Hepatitis C Virus-like Particles (HCV-LPs) Tagged with SP94 Peptide to Acquire Selectivity to Liver Cancer Cells via Grp78

Measuring and Modeling Macrophage Growth using a Lab-on-CMOS Capacitance Sensing Microsystem

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