A Calm, Dispassionate Look at Skin Microbiota in Atopic Dermatitis: An Integrative Literature Review

Wan, Pengjie; Chen, Ji

doi:10.1007/s13555-020-00352-4

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Compared with the control group, patients with AD had S aureus colonized in lesions, but less Cutibacterium , Streptococcus , Acinetobacter, and Corynebacterium 24,25 . Early clinical studies have shown that topical application of symbiotic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus hominis or Roseomonas mucosa , can assist in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, which supports the important role of symbiotic bacteria in reducing S aureus colonization in patients with atopic dermatitis 26 …”

Section: Changes Of Skin Microbial Community In Inflammatory Skin Dismentioning

confidence: 78%

“…24,25 Early clinical studies have shown that topical application of symbiotic bacteria, such as Staphylococcus hominis or Roseomonas mucosa, can assist in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, which supports the important role of symbiotic bacteria in reducing S aureus colonization in patients with atopic dermatitis. 26 In psoriasis, Chang H W et al believed that the proportion of S aureus was closely related to the lesions of psoriasis, and the ratio of S epidermis and Cutibacterium acnes(C acnes) in lesions was lower than that in healthy skin. 13…”

Section: Skin Microbiota Dysbiosis In Inflammatory Skin Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential role of the skin microbiota in Inflammatory skin diseases

Chen

He²,

Qian³

et al. 2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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Background Inflammatory skin diseases include a variety of skin diseases, such as seborrheic dermatitis, acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and so on, which are more common and tend to have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Inflammatory skin diseases often result in physical or psychological distress; however, the pathogenesis of these diseases have not been clearly elucidated. Many factors are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases, including heredity, environment, immunity, epidermal barrier, mental disorders, infection and so on. In recent years, skin microbiota has been shown to play an important role in inflammatory skin diseases. Aims To elaborate on the specific mechanisms of inflammatory skin diseases induced by microbiota dysbiosis. Methods We introduce the function and influence of skin microbiota in inflammatory skin diseases from the following aspects: Immunity, epigenetics, epidermal barrier and treatment. Results Skin microbiota can affect many aspects of the host, such as Immunity, epigenetics, epidermal barrier, and it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. Conclusion Skin microbiota is extremely important for maintaining the health of skin and the dysbiosis of skin microbiota is an important pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases.

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Section: Changes Of Skin Microbial Community In Inflammatory Skin Dismentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Skin Microbiota Dysbiosis In Inflammatory Skin Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential role of the skin microbiota in Inflammatory skin diseases

Chen

He²,

Qian³

et al. 2020

J of Cosmetic Dermatology

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“…These diverse communities of bacteria, fungi, mites and viruses can provide protection against disease and form dynamic, yet distinct niches on the skin (Oh, Byrd et al 2014). Increasing evidence has associated altered microbial communities or dysbiosis in the skin with cutaneous diseases (Oh, Freeman et al 2013, Weyrich, Dixit et al 2015), especially atopic dermatitis (Grice 2014, Powers, McShane et al 2015, Wan and Chen 2020). New strategies have emerged using microbes as therapy for treating a range of diseases (Dreher-Lesnick, Stibitz et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Growth of the Skin CommensalStaphylococcus epidermidisUsing D-Alanine Auxotrophy

Whitfill

Dodds²,

Bose

et al. 2020

Preprint

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34Using live microbes as therapeutic candidates is a strategy that has gained traction across multiple 35 therapeutic areas. In the skin, commensal microorganisms play a crucial role in maintaining skin barrier 36 function, homeostasis, and cutaneous immunity. Alterations of the homeostatic skin microbiome are 37 associated with a number of skin diseases. Here, we present the design of an engineered commensal 38 organism, Staphylococcus epidermidis, for use as a live biotherapeutic product (LBP) candidate for skin 39 diseases. The development of novel bacterial strains whose growth can be controlled without the use of 40 antibiotics, or genetic elements conferring antibiotic resistance, enables modulation of therapeutic 41 exposure and improves safety. We therefore constructed an auxotrophic strain of S. epidermidis that 42 requires exogenously supplied D-alanine. The S. epidermidis strain, NRRL B-4268 65 66 Staphylococcus epidermidis, recently dubbed as the "microbial guardian of skin health" (Stacy and 67 Belkaid 2019), is a strong candidate for use as a live biotherapeutic product (LBP) for skin conditions. S. 68 epidermidis is a Gram-positive bacterium that is ubiquitous in the human skin and mucosal flora. As one 69 of the earliest colonizers of the skin after birth, S. epidermidis plays an important role in cutaneous 70 immunity and maintaining microbial community homeostasis (Naik, Bouladoux et al. 2015, Linehan, 71 Harrison et al. 2018). In the clinical setting, S. epidermidis has demonstrated activity as a potential 72 therapeutic (Iwase, Uehara et al. 2010, Nodake, Matsumoto et al. 2015, Nakatsuji, Chen et al. 2018). In 73 Japan, a double-blind, randomized clinical trial, topical application of autologous S. epidermidis in 74 healthy volunteers increased lipid content of the skin, suppressed water evaporation and improved skin 75 moisture retention while showing no signs of erythema (Nodake, Matsumoto et al. 2015). Others have 76 shown that S. epidermidis is capable of producing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that selectively target 77

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“…These diverse communities of bacteria, fungi, mites, and viruses can provide protection against disease and form dynamic, yet distinct, niches on the skin (9). Increasing evidence has associated altered microbial communities or dysbiosis in the skin with cutaneous diseases (8,10), especially atopic dermatitis (11)(12)(13). New strategies have emerged using microbes as therapy for treating a range of diseases (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Growth of the Skin Commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis Using d -Alanine Auxotrophy

Dodds¹,

Bose

Deng

et al. 2020

mSphere

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Using live microbes as therapeutic candidates is a strategy that has gained traction across multiple therapeutic areas. In the skin, commensal microorganisms play a crucial role in maintaining skin barrier function, homeostasis, and cutaneous immunity. Alterations of the homeostatic skin microbiome are associated with a number of skin diseases. Here, we present the design of an engineered commensal organism, Staphylococcus epidermidis, for use as a live biotherapeutic product (LBP) candidate for skin diseases. The development of novel bacterial strains whose growth can be controlled without the use of antibiotics or genetic elements conferring antibiotic resistance enables modulation of therapeutic exposure and improves safety. We therefore constructed an auxotrophic strain of S. epidermidis that requires exogenously supplied d-alanine. The S. epidermidis NRRL B-4268 Δalr1 Δalr2 Δdat strain (SEΔΔΔ) contains deletions of three biosynthetic genes: two alanine racemase genes, alr1 and alr2 (SE1674 and SE1079), and the d-alanine aminotransferase gene, dat (SE1423). These three deletions restricted growth in d-alanine-deficient medium, pooled human blood, and skin. In the presence of d-alanine, SEΔΔΔ colonized and increased expression of human β-defensin 2 in cultured human skin models in vitro. SEΔΔΔ showed a low propensity to revert to d-alanine prototrophy and did not form biofilms on plastic in vitro. These studies support the potential safety and utility of SEΔΔΔ as a live biotherapeutic strain whose growth can be controlled by d-alanine. IMPORTANCE The skin microbiome is rich in opportunities for novel therapeutics for skin diseases, and synthetic biology offers the advantage of providing novel functionality or therapeutic benefit to live biotherapeutic products. The development of novel bacterial strains whose growth can be controlled without the use of antibiotics or genetic elements conferring antibiotic resistance enables modulation of therapeutic exposure and improves safety. This study presents the design and in vitro evidence of a skin commensal whose growth can be controlled through d-alanine. The basis of this strain will support future clinical studies of this strain in humans.

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A Calm, Dispassionate Look at Skin Microbiota in Atopic Dermatitis: An Integrative Literature Review

Cited by 18 publications

References 50 publications

Potential role of the skin microbiota in Inflammatory skin diseases

Potential role of the skin microbiota in Inflammatory skin diseases

Controlling the Growth of the Skin CommensalStaphylococcus epidermidisUsing D-Alanine Auxotrophy

Controlling the Growth of the Skin Commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis Using d -Alanine Auxotrophy

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