A Cadaveric Study of the Arterial Blood Supply of the Labia Minora

Georgiou, Charalambos; Benatar, M.; Dumas, P; Chignon-Sicard, Bérengère; Balaguer, Thierry; Padovani, B.; Baqué, Patrick

doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000001394

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Accordingly, the central vessel was observed to be below the midpoint in labia minora with a lower morphology. However, the central vessel was above the midpoint in labia minora with an upper morphology and was in the middle of labia minora with a middle morphology as described by Georgiou et al 9 . Since the percentage of central vessels was statistically higher in labia minora with an upper morphology compared to labia with a lower morphology, this shows that it is important to consider the extent of interruption to the central vasculature during anterior wedge resection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…However, wound dehiscence rates are higher compared to other techniques 14 , 15 , 16 . It has been reported that the posterior arterial network is larger, and blood flow is greater with posterior wedge resection, because of the presence of the P1 and P2 vessels below the middle line of the labium minus described by Georgiou et al The high rates of wound dehiscence associated with this technique have been attributed to extensive resection of the arterial network, suggesting that the vasculature of the remaining anterior flap is not sufficient to provide an adequate supply of blood to the remaining tissue 9 . Tissue oxygenation is one of the factors that affect wound healing, but tissue oxygenation requires adequate vascularization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A connection between the anterior system of the external pudendal artery and the posterior system of the internal pudendal artery was also confirmed in their study. We have used the same terminology for the vessels detected in our study 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2015 Georgiou et al created a vascularity map of the labium minus 9 . Using the vascularity and labeling of their map, in our study labial vascularity was assessed from the inner surface of the labium minus and the findings recorded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we aimed to investigate the vascularity of the labium minus as vascularization can be a guide when choosing the appropriate surgical technique. Knowledge of the vascularity of the labium minus is limited as there are only a small number of cadaver dissection studies 9 , 10 . The literature offers no practical method for assessing the vascularity of the labium minus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Technique for Mapping the Vascularity of Labia Minora Prior to Labiaplasty: Cold Light Illumination

Kaya

Doğan

Yassa

et al. 2018

Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd

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Objective Aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of a novel technique to determine the vascularity of labia minora prior to labiaplasty. Methods A cold light source employed in laparoscopic procedures was used to illuminate the outer surface of the labia minora as described in this prospective descriptive study. Results Of the patients, 46.1% (n = 41) had upper third prominence, 36% (n = 32) had middle third prominence, and 18% (n = 16) had lower third prominence according to the Banwell classification of morphologies. Right labia minora width was 0 – 2 cm in 51.7% (n = 46), 2 – 4 cm in 47.2% (n = 42) and > 4 cm in 1.1% (n = 1) of cases. Left labia minora width was 0 – 2 cm in 52.8% (n = 47), 2 – 4 cm in 41.6% (n = 37) and > 4 cm in 5.6% (n = 5) of cases. The incidence of Anterior 2 and Posterior 1 vessels in the different morphologies were statistically significantly different (p = 0.007, p = 0.018). The Anterior 2 vessel was higher in the lower morphology group whereas the Posterior 1 vessel was higher in the upper morphology group. A central vessel was observed in 93.3% (n = 83) of patients in the left labium minus and the right labium minus. The incidence of the Posterior 1 vessel was significantly higher in the left labium minus than in the right labium minus (p = 0.021). Discussion This novel technique to assess labial vascularity using a cold light source could be very useful to reduce dehiscence by avoiding excessive resection of highly vascularized tissue. Most units can easily access a cold light source, which can be used to assess labial vascularity prior to labiaplasty.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Novel Technique for Mapping the Vascularity of Labia Minora Prior to Labiaplasty: Cold Light Illumination

Kaya

Doğan

Yassa

et al. 2018

Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Microsurgical phalloplasty: Anatomical study evaluating the use of the external pudendal vessels as recipients

2022

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The inferior epigastric artery (IEA) is commonly used as a recipient vessel in microsurgical phalloplasty but its use can be associated with abdominal parietal complications (hernia, bulging). To preclude such complications and avoid involvement of the femoral artery, we assessed an external pudendal artery (EPA) as a recipient vessel. We studied the disposition of the external pudendal system and its general anatomy. Then we compared the external diameter of the EPA to that of the first branches of the femoral artery. The most important point was to determine the location of the EPA through a reference line to facilitate a surgical approach. We then illustrated this preliminary study with a clinical case to check the reliability of the identified landmarks. Ten adult cadavers were dissected. The arteries of interest were part of a system consisting of either a common trunk or a duplicated system. The branches of the pudendal system arose from either the femoral artery or the deep femoral artery. On a horizontal reference line passing through the two pubic tubercles, we observed that 83% of EPAs arose between the reference line and 3 cm below it, at the level of a vertical axis centered on the femoral artery. The EPA could be suitable as recipient vessel in phalloplasty owing to its location, size, and ease of dissection. Using it instead of the IEA precludes abdominal parietal complications and reduces scarring in the recipient area.

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