A cadaveric study for structural variations of the stomach

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONThe stomach is the most dilated part of the digestive tube and intervenes between Oesophagus and the first part of the duodenum. The stomach acts as a reservoir of food, converts the food into chyme by churning movements and allows the digestion of proteins in to peptones and proteases under influence of hydrochloric acid.The stomach also secretes abundant mucus which act as a protective barrier of mucous membrane. The mucosa of stomach allows some absorption of water, glucose, alcohol and some salts. The stomach secrete a hormone gastrin which regulates the secretion of pepsin and Hcl. An intrinsic factor is eloberated for the absorption of B12 vitamin in the small intestine.1 The stomach is situated in the epigastrium, left hypochondrium and umbilical regions.2 The stomach is a muscular bag relatively fixed at both ends, mobile else-where. The main parts of stomach are fundus, body and pylorus, with greater and lesser curvatures forming left and right borders with the attachment of greater and lesser omentum respectively. In most of the people the stomach is "J" shaped. It receives rich arterial supply from the all three branches of coeliac trunk. Left and right gastric arteries anastomose in the lesser curvature. Right and left gastro epiploic arteries anastomose in the inferior part of greater curvature. The veins drains into the corresponding named vessels which drain in to portal vein. The stomach is also ABSTRACT Background: The morphology of the stomach taken for the study for its clinical interventions like gastro-oesophagial reflux disorders (GERD) which are very common nowadays because of unusual timing of eating food, stress related jobs, eating of junk foods etc. The obesity now considered to be the 2 nd leading cause of death, which can be prevented by gastric reconstructive procedures i.e., the bariatric surgeries. Methods: The study includes 70 adult cadavers, 28 obtained from the formalin fixed specimens kept for anatomy dissection for 1st year MBBS students from 2009 batch to 2015 batch. The remaining 42 specimens obtained from the postpartum bodies in the Forensic department of Guntur Medical College, Guntur. The abdominal cavity opened according to the incisions in the Cunninghams manual of anatomy. Stomach identified by reflecting anterior abdominal wall. Location noted, shape observed, Length taken, relations blood supply noted, results tabulated. Results: 71.4% specimens are "J" shaped, 14.2% are reverse "L" shaped, 7.2% are cresentic shaped, 7.2% are cylindrical shaped observed. The length is more in "J" shaped specimens. The lower extent of greater curvature at L3 in 71.4% specimens, at L2 in 21.4% specimens, at L4 in 7.2% specimens. Conclusions: The present study discussed about the shape of the stomach and the majority of specimens shown "J" shape. Remaining are reverse "L" shape; cresentic and cylindrical shaped.

A Study of Variations of the Stomach in Adults and Growth of the Fetal Stomach

“…A horizontally placed stomach is frequently found on X-ray examinations of infants, and after infancy, it acquires a vertical position [ 3 ]. Among the various shapes of the stomach (type III), we found J-shaped to be the most common at 58%, similar to the study by Yesupadam K et al [ 5 ], followed by cylindrical at 20%, crescentic at 14%, and reverse L at 8%. Netter FH, Chakraborty NC, and Chakraborty D observed straight or hockey stick-shaped stomachs in asthenic-built and malnourished individuals [ 6 , 7 ].…”