A cable-swivel device for delivering shock to tail or harness electrodes

Cunningham, Christopher L.

doi:10.3758/bf03205111

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A plastic liner, originally marketed as a lining for plant pots, was placed inside this pot, and a lid of insulated steel mesh covered the pot. In the center of the lid was a swivel modeled on one described by Cunningham (1978) which allowed each rat to move freely while its electrodes were connected by means of alligator clips to the recording apparatus.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate conditioning with pentobarbital as a conditioned stimulus and amphetamine as an unconditioned stimulus.

Revusky¹,

Davey²,

Zagorski³

1989

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Pentobarbital was injected into rats 20 min after they were placed in an apparatus where heart rates were recorded. Amphetamine was injected after they were removed from the apparatus 29-30 min later. A Pavlovian conditioned response (CR) began after three or four such trials in the form of a failure of conditioned rats to show the same decline in heart rate obtained in controls after the pentobarbital injection. On later trials, the amphetamine was not injected until 50 min after the pentobarbital, and the CR was most obvious during the period 30-50 min after the pentobarbital injection, an effect characteristic of Pavlovian delay conditioning. The pharmacological effects of pentobarbital were necessary for conditioning because the CR was not obtained (a) when normal saline was substituted for the pentobarbital after successful conditioning or (b) when saline was used instead of pentobarbital throughout. Because of the speed and effectiveness of the conditioning, we believe the mechanism responsible for it has homeostatic regulation as its natural role. It was puzzling that environmental cues seemed to have a role in the conditioned stimulus complex, because conditioning was not apparent when the drug-drug pairings were administered in the home cage.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate conditioning with pentobarbital as a conditioned stimulus and amphetamine as an unconditioned stimulus.

Revusky¹,

Davey²,

Zagorski³

1989

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…The apparatus was that of Experiment 1, modified to permit the delivery of ac shock. Shock leads were attached to the chamber ceiling by a swivel connector (Cunningham, 1978). Those leads could be connected to stainless steel electrodes, implanted under the pubis bone of each bird, and brought to a protective harness that the bird wore throughout the experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial contiguity facilitates Pavlovian second-order conditioning.

Rescorla¹,

Cunningham²

1979

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes

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Two experiments investigated the effects of spatial contiguity upon the formation of second-order conditioning in pigeon subjects. Experiment 1 used an autoshaping procedure to pair two visual stimuli, S2 and S1, after S1 had previously been paired with food. The resulting second-order conditioning of S2 was superior when both stimuli appeared on the same response key within a trial, compared with their appearing on different keys. Experiment 2 found a similar importance of spatial contiguity between S2 and S1 in a conditioned suppression paradigm. In addition, consistently presenting S2 and S1 in the same spatial location produced superior conditioning compared with varying their spatial relation from trial to trial. The design of these experiments was such as to imply that spatial contiguity facilitates performance by improving the formation of association rather than by promoting stimulus generalization or pseudoconditioning. Moreover, the observation of a facilitative effect of spatial contiguity between S1 and S2 in two different paradigms that use qualitatively different unconditioned stimuli and evoke different responses implies some generality for these findings. Consequently, these results suggest that spatially contiguous stimuli are especially associable in Pavlovian conditioning paradigms.

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Heart rate response to shock delivered via different implanted electrodes

Peris¹,

Cunningham²

1986

Physiology & Behavior

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A cable-swivel device for delivering shock to tail or harness electrodes

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Heart rate conditioning with pentobarbital as a conditioned stimulus and amphetamine as an unconditioned stimulus.

Heart rate conditioning with pentobarbital as a conditioned stimulus and amphetamine as an unconditioned stimulus.

Spatial contiguity facilitates Pavlovian second-order conditioning.

Heart rate response to shock delivered via different implanted electrodes

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