A brief review of frequency, radiation pattern, polarization, and compound reconfigurable antennas for 5G applications

Shereen, M. Kamran; Khattak, Muhammad Irfan; Witjaksono, Gunawan

doi:10.1007/s10825-019-01336-0

Cited by 41 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The adjustable pattern antenna can generate various radiation patterns at the same operating frequency. By controlling the bias voltage applied to the electronic switches, this type of antenna can ensure electrical adjustment mechanisms with electromagnetic waves multi-functional control [4]. In electronic switching elements, varactor diodes, RF-MEMSs, or PIN diodes are commonly used as typical electronic switches in reconfigurable metal surfaces [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-6 GHz Adjustable Broadband Radiation Pattern Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication System

Rahmani¹,

Touhami²,

Kchairi³

et al. 2022

PIER C

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The present work demonstrates the design of a wideband 2 ×1 reconfigurable beam steering array for wireless communication systems. The designed antenna is powered by a microstrip line and consists of a two rectangular-shaped radiating elements and a rectangular planar ground. Its dimensions are as follows: 0.67λ0 × 0.53λ0 × 0.03λ0. It executes three reconfigurable operating states by turning on and off two PIN diodes to change the direction of the main beam, as well as a beam tilt ranging from (±30 • ) to (±38 • ). A progressive analysis in order to enhance the antenna characteristic performances is furnished. The proposed reconfigurable antenna bandwidth is 18.18% (simulated), 18.84% (theoretical), and 19.42% (measured). The presented antenna has a maximum gain of 8.62 dB (simulated) and 8.45 dB (measured), and a higher efficiency ratio of 80% to 86% over the operating band (5 GHz-6 GHz). The designed antenna is fabricated using a low loss Rogers RT5880 substrate of 2.2 relative permittivity. The simulated, theoretical, and measured results are presented and exhibit a good accord, including the S 11 parameter and radiation patterns. In addition to the pattern reconfiguration, the obtained results are useful in order to improve the overall gain, antenna bandwidth and efficiency.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-6 GHz Adjustable Broadband Radiation Pattern Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication System

Rahmani¹,

Touhami²,

Kchairi³

et al. 2022

PIER C

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“…PIN diodes are chosen due to their simplicity, reliability, very low driving voltage, high tuning speed (1-100 ns), not having moving parts, and linear characteristics at higher frequencies (i.e., mm-wave), which can potentially avoid passive intermodulation (PIM) [4,5,22]. However, most of the works related to reconfigurable planar antennas has been performed on microwave-frequency bands, where the reconfigurability of the frequency, pattern, and polarization has been demonstrated successfully [7,[23][24][25]. On the other hand, very few works have reported planar reconfigurable antennas in the millimeterwave (mm-wave)-frequency band.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, very few works have reported planar reconfigurable antennas in the millimeterwave (mm-wave)-frequency band. Moreover, to avoid the complexity of the measurements, ideal conditions are adopted, which limits their use in practical applications [23,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Considering the aforementioned problems, planar reconfigurable antennas in the 5G mmwave-frequency range are of great importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Monopole Antenna with a Switchable Beam for 5G Millimeter-Wave Communication Systems

et al. 2021

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A simple and compact antenna with a switchable beam for millimeter-wave communication is proposed in this paper. The antenna has a planar structure, and the design evolution is discussed. The beam switching functionality was achieved by incorporating two PIN diodes in the ground plane of the antenna. By switching ON either of the PIN diodes, the inverted L-shaped stub becomes connected to the ground plane and behaves as a cavity, which causes the dispersion of the radiation pattern. Therefore, a wide-angle (±18∘) beam-switching property can be achieved using a simple and low-cost technique, without the necessity to implement additional conventional circuits. The proposed antenna is characterized by a good performance in terms of return loss, bandwidth, measured gain up to 7.95 dB, and radiation efficiency up to 84%, making it a proper candidate for IoT technology and millimeter-wave 5G devices.

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“…Graphs are normally compliant with silicon photonics and planar metasurfaces as the thinnest active material. It's possible to tune electrically at extremely high velocities, ranging from [18] to GHz [19]. Moreover, the material properties of graphene can be modulated electrically from subterahertz (sub-THz) to near-infrared in an incredibly large range (near-IR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation and Comparative analysis of tunable graphene-gold metasurface based polarizer structures for infrared frequency

Sorathiya

Patel

2021

Preprint

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We present the comparative analysis of tunable graphene-based metasurface polarizer structure THz frequency range. This polarizer structures have been numerically investigated over the 10 THz to 25 THz of the frequency range. Reflectance co-efficient, phase variation, and phase difference parameters have been investigated to identify the behavior of polarization effect over the range of 10 THz to 25 THz of the frequency. The proposed polarizer has been also investigated for the different shapes of the top gold resonator structure. The proposed structure is tunable for the range of 0.1 eV to 0.9 eV of the graphene Fermi energy. The proposed structure also works on the wide range of the input incident wave of the X and Y polarization. This structure having small, compact tunable design and it can be used as a basic building block in the large THz circuits and structures.

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A brief review of frequency, radiation pattern, polarization, and compound reconfigurable antennas for 5G applications

Cited by 41 publications

References 65 publications

Sub-6 GHz Adjustable Broadband Radiation Pattern Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication System

Sub-6 GHz Adjustable Broadband Radiation Pattern Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication System

A Simple Monopole Antenna with a Switchable Beam for 5G Millimeter-Wave Communication Systems

Numerical investigation and Comparative analysis of tunable graphene-gold metasurface based polarizer structures for infrared frequency

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