A Brief History of the Grain Refinement of Cast Light Alloys

StJohn, David H.; Easton, Mark; Cao, Peng; Bermingham, Michael; Qian, Ma

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.765.123

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The observed grain refining effect, however, is less than could be expected from addition of TiB 2 particles. This might be due to low cooling rate that did not allow smaller particles to be activated as nucleating substrates [1,5].…”

Section: Brinell Hardness Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Processing of Metal Matrix Composites under External Fields and Their Application as Grain Refiner

Djan¹,

Madam²,

Babu³

et al. 2014

Light Metals 2014

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In an attempt to develop an efficient grain refiner by application of external fields, aluminium-based metal matrix composite AlMg-Ti/TiB 2 , has been processed by mechanical stirring and treated by external field such as ultrasonication. In this study we present the microstructural features of the composite and the grain structure of Al-Mg-Ti alloy when this composite is added as a master alloy. Preliminary tests with the addition of Al-3% Mg-0.01% Ti/TiB 2 master alloys to Al-3% Mg-0.01% Ti showed indication of grain refinement and improvement in Brinell hardness.

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Section: Brinell Hardness Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grain refinement by inoculation is achieved by addition of master alloys in the form of rods, waffles and nuggets. Currently grain refinement is achieved using various master alloys such as Al-Ti-B, Al-Ti-C, Al-Ti, Al-Zr and Al-Cr [1][2][3][4][5]. However, the most efficient grain refiners for aluminum alloys are Al5Ti1B and Al3Ti1B.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of Metal Matrix Composites under External Fields and Their Application as Grain Refiner

Djan¹,

Madam²,

Babu³

et al. 2014

Light Metals 2014

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“…To meet grain refinement needs in the actual production process, casting speed is generally increased. At excessive casting speeds, the initial shell at the casting machine's outlet becomes too thin, potentially leading to shell cracking and subsequent leakage or fractures [32]. Generally, controlling the casting speed to range between 0.11 m/s and 0.13 m/s is advisable.…”

Section: Effect Of Continuous Casting On Solidification Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and Study of Influencing Factors on the Solidification Microstructure of Hazelett Continuous Casting Slabs Using CAFE Model

Pan,

Jin,

Huang

et al. 2024

Materials

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The Hazelett continuous casting and rolling process represents a leading-edge production method for cold-rolled aluminum sheet and strip billets in the world. Its solidification microstructure significantly influences the quality of billets produced for cold rolling of aluminum sheets and strips. In this study, employing the CAFE (Cellular Automaton—Finite Element) method, we developed a coupled computational model to simulate the solidification microstructure in the Hazelett continuous casting process. We investigated the impact of nucleation parameters, casting temperature, and continuous casting speed on the microstructural evolution of the continuous casting billet. Through integrated metallographic analyses, we aimed to elucidate the controlling mechanisms underlying the Hazelett continuous casting process and its resultant microstructure. The results demonstrate that the equiaxed rate of grains increases with an increase in nucleation density, and the grain size decreases under constant cooling strength. With other nucleation parameters held constant, the grain size decreases as undercooling increases, and the columnar crystal zone expands. The nucleation density of the Hazelett continuous casting aluminum alloy has been determined to range between 1011 m−3 and 1013 m−3, and the undercooling ranges between 1 °C and 2.5 °C. The solidified grain structure can be controlled between 35 μm and 72 μm. The grain size of the continuous casting billet increases with an increase in pouring temperature and decreases as the casting speed increases. Elevating the pouring temperature positively impacts the fraction of high-angle grain boundaries and promotes the dendritic to equiaxed grain transition. Moreover, there exists potential for further optimization of continuous casting process parameters.

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“…In wrought aluminum alloys, the semi-continuous direct-chill (DC) casting is a widely used method. In order to achieve suitable billets for further processing, the grain refinement usually can be accomplished by adding a master alloy into the liquid metal, and the mechanisms of grain refinement have been studied systematically [1][2][3]. However, for super high pure aluminum used in semiconductor, recording medium and advanced display, etc., grain refiner cannot be used for the refinement of the cast microstructure to avoid the reduction of the purity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Electromagnetic Agitation on Crystal Growth during the Pure Aluminum Slow Cooling Process

Wang

et al. 2020

MSF

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Refining grains are important to obtain sound cast billets suitable for further processing. The structure refinement of low frequency electromagnetic field (LFEF) during the aluminum alloy semi-continuous casting process has been confirmed by many researchers. In this work, effects of the electromagnetic agitation on the crystal growth were investigated during the pure aluminum slow cooling process. The results showed that the grain refinement effect by electromagnetic agitation mainly occurred at the first half period of crystal growth. With increasing of applying LFEF treated time, the fine grain occupied the whole section of ingot, and the ratio of fine grain zone to the whole section was proportional to the treated time.

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A Brief History of the Grain Refinement of Cast Light Alloys

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Processing of Metal Matrix Composites under External Fields and Their Application as Grain Refiner

Processing of Metal Matrix Composites under External Fields and Their Application as Grain Refiner

Simulation and Study of Influencing Factors on the Solidification Microstructure of Hazelett Continuous Casting Slabs Using CAFE Model

Effects of Electromagnetic Agitation on Crystal Growth during the Pure Aluminum Slow Cooling Process

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