A breakthrough biosorbent in removing heavy metals: Equilibrium, kinetic, thermodynamic and mechanism analyses in a lab-scale study

Abstract

A breakthrough biosorbent namely multi-metal binding biosorbent (MMBB) made from a combination of tea wastes, maple leaves and mandarin peels, was prepared to evaluate their biosorptive potential for removal of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II) from multi-metal aqueous solutions. FTIR and SEM were conducted, before and after biosorption, to explore the intensity and position of the available functional groups and changes in adsorbent surface morphology. Carboxylic, hydroxyl and amine groups were found to be the principal functional groups for the sorption of metals. MMBB exhibited best performance at pH 5.5 with maximum sorption capacities of 31.73, 41.06, 76.25 and 26.63 mg/g for Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively. Pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order models represented the kinetic experimental data in different initial metal concentrations very well. Among two-parameter adsorption isotherm models, the Langmuir equation gave a better fit of the equilibrium data. For Cu(II) and Zn(II), the Khan isotherm describes better biosorption conditions while for Cd(II) and Pb(II), the Sips model was found to provide the best correlation of the biosorption equilibrium data. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated feasible, spontaneous and exothermic biosorption process. Overall, this novel MMBB can effectively be utilized as an adsorbent to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions.

Hierarchically porous zeolite X composites for manganese ion-exchange and solidification: Equilibrium isotherms, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

“…The Gibbs free energy change is related to the enthalpy (∆Hº) and the entropy (∆Sº) at any temperature using The values of ∆Hº (kJ/mol) and ∆Sº (kJ/mol.K) were calculated by plotting of ln Kd against 1/T [30, [54][55][56][57]. Table 6 Since, more of Mn 2+ ions replace the zeolites cations leads to more randomness in the system.…”

Imobilisation of alkali treated apricot shells as a biosorbent for heavy metals removal

“…Kako imaju visoku mobilnost u životnoj srediti i jaku tendenciju ka bioakumulaciji kroz lance ishrane, a pri tom nisu biorazgradljivi, u velikoj meri ugrožavaju živi svet [1]. Industrije koje su generatori otpadnih voda opterećenih teškim metalima, koriste različite tehnologije u svrhu njihovog prečišćavanja.…”

Comparative and competitive adsorption of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) onto Sepia pharaonis endoskeleton biomass from aqueous solutions

“…Many research have been carried out using bio‐adsorbents such as Leaves of Arundo donax reed (Ammari ), bio‐sorbent made from a combination of tea wastes, maple leaves and mandarin peels (Abdolali et al . ), jute fibre (Du et al . ), modified Saccharomyces pastorianus biomass (Kordialik‐Bogacka & Diowksz ), rice husk (Sobhanardakani et al .…”

“…Over the past few years, much attention has been paid to utilise various bio-materials such as agricultural and biological waste materials as adsorbent for heavy metals due to the increasing demand for new, cost effective and environment friendly processes for the removal and recovery of these metals from industrial effluents (Dhir 2014;Feizi & Jalali 2015). Many research have been carried out using bioadsorbents such as Leaves of Arundo donax reed (Ammari 2014), bio-sorbent made from a combination of tea wastes, maple leaves and mandarin peels (Abdolali et al 2016), jute fibre (Du et al 2016), modified Saccharomyces pastorianus biomass (Kordialik-Bogacka & Diowksz 2014), rice husk (Sobhanardakani et al 2013), sawdust (Wahab et al 2010), peanut shell (Witek-Krowiak et al 2011), sugarcane bagasse (Khoramzadeh et al 2013) and banana peels for heavy metal removal (Liu et al 2012).…”