A Bottom-Up Model to Evaluate the Flexibility of French Residential Wet Appliances

Abstract

The manual shift of residential wet appliances (dishwashers, washing machines and tumble dryers) in French households that have subscribed to a Time of Use (ToU) tariff represents a flexibility potential available already today and at zero-cost. To quantify this flexibility, a bottom-up model is here proposed and validated. This includes a stochastic occupant behaviour model for predicting the use of the wet appliances and an overlying agent-based model to predict their shifting under the ToU tariff. The model is validated using empirical data collected in a recent monitoring campaign, which provided energy measurements from 60 dishwashers, 100 washing machines and 23 tumble dryers in 107 French households for a period of 1 year.