Abstract:In this paper, an electronic stethoscope is designed based on a bionic Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) sound-sensitive sensor. Inspired by the strong sound reflection effect of the water-air interface, a double-sided diaphragm MEMS electronic stethoscope (DMES) encapsulated by a novel double-sided diaphragm packaging is proposed. The double-sided diaphragm packaging's superiority is verified by comparing a single diaphragm MEMS electronic stethoscope (SMES) with DMES. The frequency of the clinical heart… Show more
“…Cilium & |Sphere [25,33] 23.0 132.0 15.1 Liquid-solid Cilium [33] 14.5 124.0 18.6 Liquid-solid Globule/Lollipop [33,34] 34.0 657.0 25.7 Liquid-solid Bat [33,35] 19.0 541.0 29.1 Liquid-solid frequency band below 20 Hz is relatively affluent. By contrast, the energy spectrum of other frequency bands is minimal, indicating that the heart band signal is effectively picked up.…”
This paper proposes a heart sound sensing structure and system by combining the traditional auscultation structure and human‐like ear eardrum gas–solid coupling sound conduction process. This system is based on the lever pickup mechanism of eardrum vibration and the traditional stethoscope pickup amplification, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology, and the detection principle of piezoresistive and Wheatstone bridge. The optimal size and process parameters of the biomimetic sensor structure are given through theoretical calculation and numerical simulation on Comsol and SRIM. Computer numerical control, 3D printing, MEMS technology, and 3D heterogeneous integration technology are used to complete the precise processing and encapsulation of the proposed structure. After the performance tests, results show that the optimal structure can collect directional signals, with a bandwidth from 10 Hz to 1 kHz, which can effectively cover the range of the heart frequency. The signal‐to‐noise ratio is improved by 2.3 dB compared with the 3M stethoscope. An electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram synchronization detection system is developed with this structure. The structure and system can be effectively applied to the high‐quality collection and intelligent recognition of heart sound data sets. The recognition accuracy can reach 98.5%. It is highly effective for early screening and intelligent diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
“…Cilium & |Sphere [25,33] 23.0 132.0 15.1 Liquid-solid Cilium [33] 14.5 124.0 18.6 Liquid-solid Globule/Lollipop [33,34] 34.0 657.0 25.7 Liquid-solid Bat [33,35] 19.0 541.0 29.1 Liquid-solid frequency band below 20 Hz is relatively affluent. By contrast, the energy spectrum of other frequency bands is minimal, indicating that the heart band signal is effectively picked up.…”
This paper proposes a heart sound sensing structure and system by combining the traditional auscultation structure and human‐like ear eardrum gas–solid coupling sound conduction process. This system is based on the lever pickup mechanism of eardrum vibration and the traditional stethoscope pickup amplification, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology, and the detection principle of piezoresistive and Wheatstone bridge. The optimal size and process parameters of the biomimetic sensor structure are given through theoretical calculation and numerical simulation on Comsol and SRIM. Computer numerical control, 3D printing, MEMS technology, and 3D heterogeneous integration technology are used to complete the precise processing and encapsulation of the proposed structure. After the performance tests, results show that the optimal structure can collect directional signals, with a bandwidth from 10 Hz to 1 kHz, which can effectively cover the range of the heart frequency. The signal‐to‐noise ratio is improved by 2.3 dB compared with the 3M stethoscope. An electrocardiogram and phonocardiogram synchronization detection system is developed with this structure. The structure and system can be effectively applied to the high‐quality collection and intelligent recognition of heart sound data sets. The recognition accuracy can reach 98.5%. It is highly effective for early screening and intelligent diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases.
“…The presence of two diaphragms and the intervening air path results in excessive ambient noise from the microphone and inefficient sound energy transmission [76] . In 2021, Duan et al [77] proposed a lollipop-shaped bionic pickup cavity, simulating the operating principle of the neuromast organ of a fish, which is highly sensitive in the low-frequency band.…”
Wearable cardiac monitoring devices can provide uninterrupted monitoring of cardiac activities over a long period of time. They have developed rapidly in recent years in terms of convenience, comfort, and intelligence. Aided by the development of sensor and materials technology, big data and artificial intelligence, wearable cardiac monitoring can become a crucial basis for novel medical models in the future. Herein, the basic concepts and representative devices of wearable cardiac monitoring are first introduced. Subsequently, its core technologies and the latest representative research progress in physiology signal sensing, signal quality enhancement, and signal reliability are systematically reviewed. Finally, an insight and outlook on the future development trends and challenges of wearable cardiac monitoring are discussed.
“…where E is the modulus of elasticity; I is the second moment; F is the inner axial force of the resonator; ρ is the density of the resonator material; S is the cross-sectional area of the resonator; C a is the gas damping factor: C a � ηb 3 /(d 0 − y) 3 (η is the dynamic viscosity of the gas).…”
Section: Nonlinear Dynamics Equation Of Amentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), with the advantages of high integration, high precision, low power consumption, and easy mass production, are widely used in intelligent manufacturing, robotics, and other elds [1][2][3][4]. MEMS include microsensors, microactuators, and processing circuits [5].…”
A nonlinear dynamics equation for a novel microresonant pressure sensor with a cross-type resonator is proposed. The nonlinear resonant frequencies of the sensor are calculated. Effects of the system parameters and gas pressure on the nonlinear resonant frequencies are investigated. Results show that the effects of nonlinearity on the resonant frequencies increase with increasing length of the resonator, and they decrease with decreasing the clearance between the resonator and the baseplate or gas pressure.
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