IEEE Sensors J.

2012

DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2010.2079928

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A Biomimetic Active Electrolocation Sensor for Detection of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Blood Vessels

Michael G. Metzen

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Herbert Bousack

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et al.

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Introduction2

Technical Sensors Working According To the Principle Of Acti1

Discussion1

Introducing Biological and Artificial Electrosense1

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Cited by 19 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…We applied the principles of active electrolocation to devices that produce electrical current pulses in water or other conductive media and simultaneously sense local current densities. Depending on the specific task, sensors can be developed which detect an object, localize it in space, determine its distance, and measure certain object properties such as material properties, thickness, or material faults [15]. The following sections illustrate some examples of technical sensors systems using experimental and simulation approaches.…”

Section: Technical Sensors Working According To the Principle Of Actimentioning

confidence: 99%

Inspection and analysis of the walls of fluid filled tubes by active electrolocation: a biomimetic approach

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et al. 2011

SPIE Proceedings

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During their nocturnal activity period, weakly electric fish employ a process called "active electrolocation" for navigation and object detection. They discharge an electric organ in their tail, which emits electrical current pulses, called electric organ discharges (EOD). Local EODs are sensed by arrays of electroreceptors in the fish's skin, which respond to modulations of the signal caused by nearby objects. Fish thus gain information about the size, shape, complex impedance and distance of objects.Inspired by these remarkable capabilities, we have designed technical sensor systems which employ active electrolocation to detect and analyse the walls of small, fluid filled pipes. Our sensor systems emit pulsed electrical signals into the conducting medium and simultaneously sense local current densities with an array of electrodes. Sensors can be designed which (i) analyse the tube wall, (ii) detect and localize material faults, (iii) identify wall inclusions or objects blocking the tube (iv) and find leakages. Here, we present first experiments and FEM simulations on the optimal sensor arrangement for different types of sensor systems and different types of tubes. In addition, different methods for sensor read-out and signal processing are compared.Our biomimetic sensor systems promise to be relatively insensitive to environmental disturbances such as heat, pressure, turbidity or muddiness. They could be used in a wide range of tubes and pipes including water pipes, hydraulic systems, and biological systems. Medical applications include catheter based sensors which inspect blood vessels, urethras and similar ducts in the human body.

“…We applied the principles of active electrolocation to devices that produce electrical current pulses in water or other conductive media and simultaneously sense local current densities. Depending on the specific task, sensors can be developed which detect an object, localize it in space, determine its distance, and measure certain object properties such as material properties, thickness, or material faults [15]. The following sections illustrate some examples of technical sensors systems using experimental and simulation approaches.…”

Section: Technical Sensors Working According To the Principle Of Actimentioning

confidence: 99%

Inspection and analysis of the walls of fluid filled tubes by active electrolocation: a biomimetic approach

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2011

SPIE Proceedings

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During their nocturnal activity period, weakly electric fish employ a process called "active electrolocation" for navigation and object detection. They discharge an electric organ in their tail, which emits electrical current pulses, called electric organ discharges (EOD). Local EODs are sensed by arrays of electroreceptors in the fish's skin, which respond to modulations of the signal caused by nearby objects. Fish thus gain information about the size, shape, complex impedance and distance of objects.Inspired by these remarkable capabilities, we have designed technical sensor systems which employ active electrolocation to detect and analyse the walls of small, fluid filled pipes. Our sensor systems emit pulsed electrical signals into the conducting medium and simultaneously sense local current densities with an array of electrodes. Sensors can be designed which (i) analyse the tube wall, (ii) detect and localize material faults, (iii) identify wall inclusions or objects blocking the tube (iv) and find leakages. Here, we present first experiments and FEM simulations on the optimal sensor arrangement for different types of sensor systems and different types of tubes. In addition, different methods for sensor read-out and signal processing are compared.Our biomimetic sensor systems promise to be relatively insensitive to environmental disturbances such as heat, pressure, turbidity or muddiness. They could be used in a wide range of tubes and pipes including water pipes, hydraulic systems, and biological systems. Medical applications include catheter based sensors which inspect blood vessels, urethras and similar ducts in the human body.

“…We applied the principles of active electrolocation to devices that produce electrical current pulses in water or other conductive media and simultaneously sense local current densities. Depending on the specific task, sensors can be developed which detect an object, localize it in space, determine its distance, and measure certain object properties such as material properties, thickness, or material faults [37]. If these sensors are mounted on underwater robots, active electrolocation can be used in environments where navigation with the visual sense is impossible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-visual orientation and communication by fishes using electrical fields: A model system for underwater robotics

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2012

2012 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation

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Abstract² Building autonomous underwater robots is a challenging problem. Different sensory modalities have been employed successfully, some inspired by human and animal senses. The European ANGELS project uses an electric sense inspired by weakly electric fish. These fish have the unique ability to navigate and orient in complete darkness by using self-produced electrical fields. They emit electric signals into the environment, which in turn they perceive with an array of electroreceptor organs in their skin. The fish's whole body serves as an antenna, which shapes the emitted electrical field. As a result, the animals are able to detect, localize and analyze objects in their vicinity and to perceive a 3-dimensional electrical picture of their surroundings. Here, we review biological experimental results highlighting the animal's perceptual abilities, which allow them to navigate in extreme environments where vision can not be used. In addition, electric fishes use electric signals for communication. Behavioral communication strategies such as synchronization of electric signals and fixed-order-signaling can play a role in group coherence. Because of their unique sensory abilities, electric fish can serve as a model system for roboticists building underwater vehicles that can communicate and navigate in extreme environments where vision is not possible. In ANGELS, the electric sense is used to navigate a robot without knowledge of the surroundings, keep multi robots in formation, reconstruct an image of the environment and communicate between different robots -all inspired by our biological investigations.

“…In 2011, according to active electrolocation technology, Michael D. Freezor invented the underwater vehicle which can realize the function of underwater navigation and positioning [1]. In 2012, the study of Gerhard von der Emde, a professor of University of Bonn, shows that active electrolocation method can be applied to detect the vulnerable plaque which is considered to be one of the factors causing arteriosclerosis [2]. On the other hand, since the 1970s, some numerical researches of electrolocation were made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new simulation method of active electrolocation system based on Cole-Cole model

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2015

2015 IEEE International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices (ASEMD)

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The method of underwater active electrolocation is a new method for underwater terminal navigation and locating. In our experiments, the Detect Frequency Dead Zone (DFDZ) and the Frequency Inflection Point (FIP) of the amplitude information-frequency characteristics (AIFC) of the electrolocation system was found. In order to explain those AIFC phenomena. In this paper, based on an ideal electromagnetic field theory, a finite element model of active electrolocation system has been built. But the calculation results show that there is neither DFDZ nor FIP. Inspired by exploration geophysics, those AIFC phenomena may be caused by the IP effect. And a new finite element model of underwater active electrolocation system which is based on Cole-Cole model and the ideal electromagnetic field theory was built. The calculation results of new model demonstrate that the DFDZ and the FIP of AIFC match the experiment results. It is approved that the Cole-Cole model is a mathematical explanation for the DFDZ phenomenon of AIFC in active electrolocation system. This new method of simulation is helpfully for guiding the engineering design of the active electrolocation system. Keywords-active electrolocation; detect frequency dead zone (DFDZ); finite element model; IP effect; Cole-Cole model

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