A biomechanical model of wound contraction and scar formation

Yang, Lanbo; Witten, Tarynn M.; Pidaparti, Ramana M.

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2013.03.013

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…For example, in a recent study of healing of the myocardial infarct in the rat heart the authors concluded that the mechanical field determines the arrangement of collagen fiber in the healed infarct . A mathematical biomechanical model was recently developed to simulate wound contraction and scar formation …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration of injured skin and peripheral nerves requires control of wound contraction, not scar formation

Yannas

Tzeranis

2017

Wound Repair Regeneration

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We review the mounting evidence that regeneration is induced in wounds in skin and peripheral nerves by a simple modification of the wound healing process. Here, the process of induced regeneration is compared to the other two well-known processes by which wounds close, i.e., contraction and scar formation. Direct evidence supports the hypothesis that the mechanical force of contraction (planar in skin wounds, circumferential in nerve wounds) is the driver guiding the orientation of assemblies of myofibroblasts (MFB) and collagen fibers during scar formation in untreated wounds. We conclude that scar formation depends critically on wound contraction and is, therefore, a healing process secondary to contraction. Wound contraction and regeneration did not coincide during healing in a number of experimental models of spontaneous (untreated) regeneration described in the literature. Furthermore, in other studies in which an efficient contraction-blocker, a collagen scaffold named dermis regeneration template (DRT), and variants of it, were grafted on skin wounds or peripheral nerve wounds, regeneration was systematically observed in the absence of contraction. We conclude that contraction and regeneration are mutually antagonistic processes. A dramatic change in the phenotype of myofibroblasts was observed when the contraction-blocking scaffold DRT was used to treat wounds in skin and peripheral nerves. The phenotype change was directly observed as drastic reduction in MFB density, dispersion of MFB assemblies and loss of alignment of the long MFB axes. These observations were explained by the evidence of a surface-biological interaction of MFB with the scaffold, specifically involving binding of MFB integrins α1β1 and α2β1 to ligands GFOGER and GLOGER naturally present on the surface of the collagen scaffold. In summary, we show that regeneration of wounded skin and peripheral nerves in the adult mammal can be induced simply by appropriate control of wound contraction, rather than of scar formation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regeneration of injured skin and peripheral nerves requires control of wound contraction, not scar formation

Yannas

Tzeranis

2017

Wound Repair Regeneration

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“…Collagen fibers around healing abutments of different geometry produced similar results in the internal basal zone (BI) and the external zone (BE, ME) but produced differences in all the medial zones, where Group A abutment geometry exercised some influence, resulting in mainly oblique fiber orientation. The explanation of fiber orientation remains unclear, although two possible factors have been described whereby, firstly, during the healing process the flux of fibroblasts will reorganize the collagen fibers and, secondly, collagen will align with tension lines in response to large tissue displacements …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connective Tissue Characteristics around Healing Abutments of Different Geometries: New Methodological Technique under Circularly Polarized Light

Delgado-Ruíz

Calvo-Guirado

Abboud

et al. 2013

Clin Implant Dent Rel Res

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“…nentes estruturais do tecido cicatricial maduro, sendo sintetizados por fibroblastos (Czubryt 2012, Yang et al 2013. As isoformas TGF-β1 e PDGF-BB são as mais frequentemente utilizadas para avaliar a qualidade dos componentes ricos em plaquetas pela técnica imunoenzimática ELISA, e os kits humanos disponíveis possuem comprovada reação cruzada com os anticorpos da espécie equina.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Quantificação de fatores de crescimento na pele de equinos tratada com plasma rico em plaquetas

et al. 2014

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ABSTRACT.-Souza M.V., Pinto J.O., Costa M.M., Santos E.C., Garcia S.L.R. & Oliveira L.L. 2014.[Quantification of growth factors in horse skin treated with platelet-rich plasma.] Quantificação de fatores de crescimento na pele de equinos tratada com plasma rico em plaquetas. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 34(6):599-612. Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário s/n, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil. E-mail: msouza@ufv.br Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a product derived from total blood centrifugation, rich in bioactive factors, such as growth factors. Despite largely used in healing processes, there is a controversy whether the therapy is effective in promoting skin healing. The objective of this study was to quantify and compare the concentrations of the factors TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB in PRP, blood plasma and skin, at different phases of the healing process of skin treated or not with PRP. Seven healthy crossbred 16 to 17-year-old geldings (16.14±0.63) were used. Three quadrangular-shaped lesions (6.25cm 2 ) were surgically induced into the right and left gluteal regions of all animals. Twelve hours after induction of the wounds, 0.5mL of the PRP was administered in each of the four edges of the wound in one of the gluteal regions (Treated group = TG) randomly chosen. The contralateral region was used as control (CG). The wounds were submitted to daily cleaning with Milli-Q water, and samples were obtained with a 6mm diameter biopsy Punch. Six skin biopsies were obtained, the first carried out immediately after the production of the wound (T0), and the others 1 (T1), 2 (T2), 7 (T3), and 14 (T4) days after the lesion was induced. The sixth biopsy (T5) was obtained after complete healing of the skin, which occurred at about day 37 (36.85±7.45, CG; 38.85±6.46, TG). EDTA blood samples were also obtained, at all the times mentioned. Quantification of TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB growth factors on the skin, PRP, and blood plasma was carried out by the ELISA technique. Data were statistically analyzed by the t test, Pearson correlation and regression, at a significance level of 5%. No difference was found between the groups in the values of the two growth factors measured on the skin, at the different times. Also, no correlation was found between the amount of growth factors present in the skin and plasma. On the other hand, a positive correlation was observed between PRP and skin in the treated group, for the growth factors TGF-β1 (r=0.31) and PDGF-BB (r=0.38), as well as between both growth factors present in PRP (r=0.81). Considering the growth factor concentrations at T0, the highest skin values (p<0.05) of TGF-β1, in both groups, occurred at T3 and T5. Higher values (p<0.05) of PDGF-BB occurred at T4 (TG) and T5 (CG). No plasma changes occurred at the concentration of these factors in relation to T0, suggest-1 Recebido em 5 de outubro de 2013.Aceito para publicação em 5 de junho de 2014.

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A biomechanical model of wound contraction and scar formation

Cited by 37 publications

References 32 publications

Regeneration of injured skin and peripheral nerves requires control of wound contraction, not scar formation

Regeneration of injured skin and peripheral nerves requires control of wound contraction, not scar formation

Connective Tissue Characteristics around Healing Abutments of Different Geometries: New Methodological Technique under Circularly Polarized Light

Quantificação de fatores de crescimento na pele de equinos tratada com plasma rico em plaquetas

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