A biodynamic understanding of dietborne and waterborne Ag uptake from Ag NPs in the sediment-dwelling oligochaete, Tubifex tubifex

Toxicokinetics of pristine and aged silver nanoparticles in Physa acuta

“…Gonçalves et al attributed the toxicity of 3-8 nm Ag-NPs to P. acuta mainly to NP properties rather than to Ag + . 41 Uptake rate constants of Ag in the oligochaeta Tubifex tubifex exposed to waterborne AgNO 3 were nearly 25-times higher than for Ag-NPs (the same type as the 3-8 nm Ag-NPs as used in the present work) and no significant loss was detected after 20 days depuration of either Ag form, 38 as also observed in this work. Although cellular uptake and internalization pathways may differ between Ag + and Ag-NPs, once within the cells these forms might experience the same processes, which can explain the similar elimination patterns observed for AgNO 3 and 3-8 nm Ag-NPs in the present work.…”

“…Tangaa et al, determining the relative importance of Ag uptake via water and sediment to T. tubifex, showed that sediment was the most relevant exposure route for both Ag-NPs and AgNO 3 , based on the k d = 10 5 (sediment : water distribution coefficient) for Ag in freshwater ecosystems. 38 The present study revealed that water contributed the most to Ag uptake in P. acuta for all Ag forms, except Ag 2 S-NPs (Table 3). Looking at the similarities of the uptake patterns between Ag-spiked water and Ag-spiked water and clean sediment tests, it may be assumed that the water determined uptake, although at a certain point Ag is expected to be predominantly in the sediment.…”

“…The results varied according to the nature of the Ag-NPs, exposure medium and organism used, highlighting that the interplay of these factors largely determines exposure and bioaccumulation. [32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Benthic ecosystems are essential components of aquatic environments, and benthic organisms may potentially be the biota most affected by ENPs as they can be exposed through both water and sediments. Exposure can potentially happen via ingestion of sediment or food and through direct contact of their body surfaces with both phases (e.g.…”

Bioaccumulation but no biomagnification of silver sulfide nanoparticles in freshwater snails and planarians

“…Several studies demonstrated that different benthic species can accumulate Ag NPs through water and sediment/dietary exposures (Bao et al, 2018;Croteau et al, 2011Croteau et al, , 2014Khan et al, 2015;Silva et al, 2020;Tangaa et al, 2018). One example was the Ag NP internalization by the gut epithelium of the estuarine polychaete Nereis diversicolor observed after ingestion of spiked sediments (García-Alonso et al, 2011).…”

Uptake Route Altered the Bioavailability of Graphene in Misgurnus anguillicaudatus: Comparing Waterborne and Sediment Exposures

“…It is reasonable that with the increased production and usage of graphene-based nanomaterials, their potential release into the environment is likely to increase simultaneously . Once released, these nanoparticles are prone to undergo a series of processes, including dissolution, aggregation, and agglomeration, and eventually settle into the sediment. − Finally, they are likely ingested by benthic organisms in sediments, thus posing a risk to their health and even higher trophic level organisms. − To date, a majority of literature on the bioavailability and toxicity of graphene-based nanomaterials relates to water-only exposure studies using zebrafish and Daphnia magna . − Previous studies have demonstrated that the uptake of metal nanoparticles by sediment-dwelling organisms from sediment exposure was lower than that from waterborne exposure, suggesting that uptake routes may affect the bioavailability of nanoparticles in organisms. , For graphene-based nanomaterials, the impacts of uptake routes on their bioavailability in freshwater fish have been illustrated in our previous studies. , Therefore, we hypothesize that uptake routes may also affect the bioavailability of graphene-based nanomaterials in benthic fish as the sediment exposure route will be the most important pathway for benthic organisms to ingest graphene.…”